Photon-counting cine-cardiac CT in the mouse

English version

Autoři: Darin P. Clark ^aff001; Matthew Holbrook ^aff001; Chang-Lung Lee ^aff002; Cristian T. Badea ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America ^aff001; Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America ^aff002
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218417

Souhrn

The maturation of photon-counting detector (PCD) technology promises to enhance routine CT imaging applications with high-fidelity spectral information. In this paper, we demonstrate the power of this synergy and our complementary reconstruction techniques, performing 4D, cardiac PCD-CT data acquisition and reconstruction in a mouse model of atherosclerosis, including calcified plaque. Specifically, in vivo cardiac micro-CT scans were performed in four ApoE knockout mice, following their development of calcified plaques. The scans were performed with a prototype PCD (DECTRIS, Ltd.) with 4 energy thresholds. Projections were sampled every 10 ms with a 10 ms exposure, allowing the reconstruction of 10 cardiac phases at each of 4 energies (40 total 3D volumes per mouse scan). Reconstruction was performed iteratively using the split Bregman method with constraints on spectral rank and spatio-temporal gradient sparsity. The reconstructed images represent the first in vivo, 4D PCD-CT data in a mouse model of atherosclerosis. Robust regularization during iterative reconstruction yields high-fidelity results: an 8-fold reduction in noise standard deviation for the highest energy threshold (relative to unregularized algebraic reconstruction), while absolute spectral bias measurements remain below 13 Hounsfield units across all energy thresholds and scans. Qualitatively, image domain material decomposition results show clear separation of iodinated contrast and soft tissue from calcified plaque in the in vivo data. Quantitatively, spatial, spectral, and temporal fidelity are verified through a water phantom scan and a realistic MOBY phantom simulation experiment: spatial resolution is robustly preserved by iterative reconstruction (10% MTF: 2.8–3.0 lp/mm), left-ventricle, cardiac functional metrics can be measured from iodine map segmentations with ~1% error, and small calcifications (615 μm) can be detected during slow moving phases of the cardiac cycle. Given these preliminary results, we believe that PCD technology will enhance dynamic CT imaging applications with high-fidelity spectral and material information.

Klíčová slova:

Research and analysis methods – Imaging techniques – In vivo imaging – Animal studies – Experimental organism systems – Model organisms – Mouse models – Animal models – Biology and life sciences – Neuroscience – Neuroimaging – Physiology – Physiological processes – Calcification – Anatomy – Cardiac ventricles – Medicine and health sciences – Diagnostic medicine – Diagnostic radiology – Tomography – Computed axial tomography – Radiology and imaging – Cardiology – Heart rate – Cardiovascular anatomy – Heart – Physical sciences – Chemistry – Chemical elements – Iodine – Computer and information sciences – Data acquisition

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Photon-counting cine-cardiac CT in the mouse

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