Dorsal tongue porphyrin autofluorescence and Candida saprophytism: A prospective observational study
Autoři:
Massimo Petruzzi aff001; Fedora della Vella aff001; Andrea Cassandro aff001; Adriana Mosca aff001; Mariasevera Di Comite aff002; Maria Contaldo aff003; Felice Roberto Grassi aff002; Dorina Lauritano aff004
Působiště autorů:
Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University “Aldo Moro” of Bari, Bari, Italy
aff001; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
aff002; Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
aff003; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
aff004
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie:
Research Article
doi:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223072
Souhrn
Aim
To investigate the correlation between the dorsal tongue porphyrin autofluorescence, revealed using VELscope, and Candida saprophytism.
Material and methods
Consecutive patients underwent an autofluorescence examination by the VELscope device to establish the presence or absence of porphyrin fluorescence. A tongue swab was collected for the Candida cultural test. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value and positive predictive value were calculated considering the oral swab as the gold standard. The degree of agreement between the two tests was calculated using Cohen's K coefficient.
Results
One hundred twenty-six patients were enrolled. Porphyrin fluorescence method showed a sensitivity of 78%, specificity of 76% and an accuracy of 78%. Negative predictive value and positive predictive value were respectively 90% and 59%. The strength of agreement between the two methods resulted to be moderate (k = 0.551).
Conclusions
Off-label use of tongue autofluorescence examination to detect the presence of Candida species is characterized by a loss of porphyrin fluorescence. The high negative predictive value of porphyrin fluorescence loss suggests its use in preliminary selection of Candida carriers, in order to plan preventive and therapeutic strategies.
Klíčová slova:
Artificial light – Candida – Candida albicans – Fungi – Porphyrins – Tongue – Fluorescence – Candidiasis
Zdroje
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