Can we predict which species win when new habitat becomes available?
Autoři:
Miki Nomura aff001; Ralf Ohlemüller aff001; William G. Lee aff002; Kelvin M. Lloyd aff002; Barbara J. Anderson aff003
Působiště autorů:
Department of Geography, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
aff001; Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Dunedin, New Zealand
aff002; Rutherford Discovery Fellow, The Otago Museum, North Dunedin, Dunedin, New Zealand
aff003
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie:
Research Article
doi:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213634
Souhrn
Land cover change is a key component of anthropogenic global environmental change, contributing to changes in environmental conditions of habitats. Deforestation is globally the most widespread and anthropogenically driven land cover change leading to conversion from closed forest to open non-forest habitat. This study investigates the relative roles of geographic features, characteristics of species climatic niche and species traits in determining the ability of open-habitat plant species to take advantage of recently opened habitats. We use current occurrence records of 18 herbaceous, predominantly open-habitat species of the genus Acaena (Rosaceae) to determine their prevalence in recently opened habitat. We tested correlation of species prevalence in anthropogenically opened habitat with (i) geographic features of the spatial distribution of open habitat, (ii) characteristics of species climatic niche, and (iii) species traits related to dispersal. While primary open habitat (naturally open) was characterised by cold climates, secondary open habitat (naturally closed but anthropogenically opened) is characterised by warmer and wetter conditions. We found high levels of variation in the species prevalence in secondary open habitat indicating species differences in their ability to colonise newly opened habitat. For the species investigated, geographical features of habitat and climatic niche factors showed generally stronger relationships with species prevalence in secondary open habitat than functional traits. Therefore, for small herbaceous species, geographical features of habitat and environmental factors appear to be more important than species functional traits for facilitating expansion into secondary open habitats. Our results suggested that the land cover change might have triggered the shifts of factors controlling open-habitat plant distributions from the competition with forest trees to current environmental constraints.
Klíčová slova:
Biology and life sciences – Ecology – Ecological niches – Ecosystems – Forests – Population biology – Population dynamics – Geographic distribution – Organisms – Eukaryota – Plants – Trees – Ecology and environmental sciences – Habitats – Terrestrial environments – Environmental geography – Deforestation – People and places – Geographical locations – Oceania – New Zealand
Zdroje
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PLOS One
2019 Číslo 9
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