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Falls among community-dwelling older adults in Ethiopia; A preliminary cross-sectional study


Autoři: Balamurugan Janakiraman aff001;  Melaku Hailu Temesgen aff002;  Gashaw Jember aff001;  Asmare Yitayeh Gelaw aff001;  Berihu Fisseha Gebremeskel aff002;  Hariharasudhan Ravichandran aff002;  Emnet Worku aff001;  Yohannes Abich aff001;  Fekadu Yilak aff001;  Misganaw Belay aff001
Působiště autorů: Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar and Gondar University Specialized Comprehensive Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia aff001;  Department of Physiotherapy, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences and Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia aff002;  Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia aff003
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221875

Souhrn

Background

Falls among older adults is a common precipitating factor for unintentional injuries and represent a major health problem associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care cost in low-and-middle-income countries. The burden of fall in this population is well established in high-income countries and scant attention is given to this precipitating factor in low-and-middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with fall among community-dwelling older adults in Ethiopia.

Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among community-dwelling older adults of Gondar. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used across administrative areas. Six hundred and five households were selected proportionally using systematic random sampling technique. Physical measurement and face to face interview method were employed using a structured questionnaire for data collection. Data were analyzed descriptively and through uni- and multivariate logistic regression model.

Results

One hundred and seventy (n = 170, 28.4%; 95% CI 24.7–32.1) community-dwelling older adults reported having experienced fall in the past 12 months. Sex (OR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.24–2.95), low educational status (OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.19–4.74), uncomfortable home environment (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.34, 3.04), having diagnosed medical condition (OR = 4.659, 95% CI: 1.20–18.02), and use of medication (OR = 5.57, 95% CI: 1.19–26.21) were significantly associated risk factors of self-reported fall in the past 12 months. Most outdoor falls are associated with females and participants aged below 66 years.

Conclusion

In conclusion, more than 1/4th of the community-dwelling older adults experienced at least one episode of fall and about 60% of them reported recurrent falls. Identifying risk group and risk factors that could be modified so as to prevent falls in older adults deserves attention. Outdoor falls are usually attributable to modifiable environmental aspects and improvements in outdoor environment needed.

Klíčová slova:

People and places – Population groupings – Age groups – Elderly – Geographical locations – Africa – Ethiopia – Medicine and health sciences – Epidemiology – Medical risk factors – Traumatic injury risk factors – Falls – Public and occupational health – Medical humanities – Urology – Urine – Neurology – Cognitive neurology – Cognitive impairment – Social sciences – Sociology – Education – Medical education – Biology and life sciences – Anatomy – Body fluids – Physiology – Neuroscience – Cognitive science – Cognitive neuroscience


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