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Antibody response in snakes with boid inclusion body disease


Autoři: Katharina Windbichler aff001;  Eleni Michalopoulou aff002;  Pia Palamides aff001;  Theresa Pesch aff001;  Christine Jelinek aff001;  Olli Vapalahti aff003;  Anja Kipar aff001;  Udo Hetzel aff001;  Jussi Hepojoki aff001
Působiště autorů: Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland aff001;  Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom aff002;  University of Helsinki, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Helsinki, Finland aff003;  University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Medicum, Department of Virology, Helsinki, Finland aff004
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(9)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221863

Souhrn

Boid Inclusion Body Disease (BIBD) is a potentially fatal disease reported in captive boid snakes worldwide that is caused by reptarenavirus infection. Although the detection of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IB) in blood cells serves as the gold standard for the ante mortem diagnosis of BIBD, the mechanisms underlying IB formation and the pathogenesis of BIBD are unknown. Knowledge on the reptile immune system is sparse compared to the mammalian counterpart, and in particular the response towards reptarenavirus infection is practically unknown. Herein, we investigated a breeding collection of 70 Boa constrictor snakes for BIBD, reptarenavirus viraemia, anti-reptarenavirus IgM and IgY antibodies, and population parameters. Using NGS and RT-PCR on pooled blood samples of snakes with and without BIBD, we could identify three different reptarenavirus S segments in the collection. The examination of individual samples by RT-PCR indicated that the presence of University of Giessen virus (UGV)-like S segment strongly correlates with IB formation. We could also demonstrate a negative correlation between BIBD and the presence of anti-UGV NP IgY antibodies. Further evidence of an association between antibody response and BIBD is the finding that the level of anti-reptarenavirus antibodies measured by ELISA was lower in snakes with BIBD. Furthermore, female snakes had a significantly lower body weight when they had BIBD. Taken together our findings suggest that the detection of the UGV-/S6-like S segment and the presence of anti-reptarenavirus IgY antibodies might serve as a prognostic tool for predicting the development of BIBD.

Klíčová slova:

Biology and life sciences – Organisms – Eukaryota – Animals – Vertebrates – Amniotes – Reptiles – Squamates – Snakes – Molecular biology – Molecular biology techniques – Artificial gene amplification and extension – Polymerase chain reaction – Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction – Physiology – Antibodies – Antibody response – Biochemistry – Proteins – Immune system proteins – Cell biology – Cellular types – Animal cells – Blood cells – Research and analysis methods – Immunologic techniques – Immunoassays – Enzyme-linked immunoassays – Medicine and health sciences – Immune physiology – Immunology – Immune response


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