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Periodontal disease: Repercussions in pregnant woman and newborn health—A cohort study


Autoři: Marina Guim Otsuka Padovan Figueiredo aff001;  Stefanie Yaemi Takita aff001;  Bianca Maria Ramos Dourado aff001;  Helderjan de Souza Mendes aff002;  Erick Olsen Terakado aff003;  Hélio Rubens de Carvalho Nunes aff001;  Cátia Regina Branco da Fonseca aff001
Působiště autorů: Pediatrics Department, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP),Botucatu city, São Paulo State, Brazil aff001;  Botucatu Clinics Hospital, Botucatu city, São Paulo State, Brazil aff002;  Psychology Department, Paulista University (UNIP), São Paulo city, São Paulo State, Brazil aff003
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(11)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225036

Souhrn

The periodontal disease during pregnancy triggers an exacerbated immune response with high local and systemic concentrations of inflammatory markers.

Objective

To investigate the repercussion of periodontal disease (PD) in the pregnant woman health and the complications during pregnancy and delivery, as well as negative outcomes for the newborn (as infections, prematurity, low birth weight and fetal growth restriction).

Method

Retrospective cohort study, based on medical records of 142 pregnant women assisted at a prenatal service of usual risk between 2012–2014, with a dental evaluation for PD. Maternal variables, along with labor and newborn variables, were analyzed. The newborns were stratified into two groups: offspring of mothers with PD (subdivided into Severe Periodontal Disease—SPD) and offspring of mothers without PD. Each outcome was adjusted by a multiple logistic regression model, with significance for p-value <0.05, considering all potential confounding factors.

Results

Among women diagnosed with SPD, the odds ratio for vulvovaginitis was 3.45 times greater (OR = 3.45, p-value = 0.050) and 5.59 times higher for premature rupture of membranes (OR = 5.59; p-value = 0.017). For neonates, the chance of fetal growth restriction was 11.53 times higher for pregnant women with SPD (OR = 11.53, p = 0.041).

Conclusion

The periodontal disease increased the chance of neonatal and maternal negative outcomes, being the fetal growth restriction, vulvovaginitis and premature rupture of the membrane (PROM) the main results driven by the presence of Severe Periodontal Disease.

Klíčová slova:

Birth weight – Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy – Inflammatory diseases – Neonates – Periodontal diseases – Pregnancy – Urinary tract infections – Growth restriction


Zdroje

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