Phylogeographic analyses point to long-term survival on the spot in micro-endemic Lycian salamanders

English version

Autoři: Michael Veith ^aff001; Bayram Göçmen ^aff002; Konstantinos Sotiropoulos ^aff003; Karolos Eleftherakos ^aff004; Stefan Lötters ^aff001; Olaf Godmann ^aff005; Mert Karış ^aff002; Anil Oğuz ^aff002; Sarah Ehl ^aff001
Působiště autorů: Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Universitätsring, Trier, Germany ^aff001; Ege University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Zoology Section, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey ^aff002; Department of Biological Applications & Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece ^aff003; Section of Zoology-Marine Biology, Department of Biology, University of Athens, Athens, Greece ^aff004; Hauptstraße, Niedernhausen, Germany ^aff005
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 15(1)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226326

Souhrn

Lycian salamanders (genus Lyciasalamandra) constitute an exceptional case of micro-endemism of an amphibian species on the Asian Minor mainland. These viviparous salamanders are confined to karstic limestone formations along the southern Anatolian coast and some islands. We here study the genetic differentiation within and among 118 populations of all seven Lyciasalamandra species across the entire genus’ distribution. Based on circa 900 base pairs of fragments of the mitochondrial 16SrDNA and ATPase genes, we analysed the spatial haplotype distribution as well as the genetic structure and demographic history of populations. We used 253 geo-referenced populations and CHELSA climate data to infer species distribution models which we projected on climatic conditions of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Within all but one species, distinct phyloclades were identified, which only in parts matched current taxonomy. Most haplotypes (78%) were private to single populations. Sometimes population genetic parameters showed contradicting results, although in several cases they indicated recent population expansion of phyloclades. Climatic suitability of localities currently inhabited by salamanders was significantly lower during the LGM compared to recent climate. All data indicated a strong degree of isolation among Lyciasalamandra populations, even within phyloclades. Given the sometimes high degree of haplotype differentiation between adjacent populations, they must have survived periods of deteriorated climates during the Quaternary on the spot. However, the alternative explanation of male biased dispersal combined with a pronounced female philopatry can only be excluded if independent nuclear data confirm this result.

Klíčová slova:

Haplotypes – Mitochondria – Paleoclimatology – Phylogenetic analysis – Phylogeography – Population genetics – Salamanders – Species diversity

Zdroje

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Phylogeographic analyses point to long-term survival on the spot in micro-endemic Lycian salamanders

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