Effect of thermal control of dry fomites on regulating the survival of human pathogenic bacteria responsible for nosocomial infections

English version

Autoři: Tomoko Shimoda ^aff001; Torahiko Okubo ^aff002; Yoshiki Enoeda ^aff001; Rika Yano ^aff001; Shinji Nakamura ^aff003; Jeewan Thapa ^aff002; Hiroyuki Yamaguchi ^aff002
Působiště autorů: Department of Fundamental Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan ^aff001; Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan ^aff002; Laboratory of Morphology and Image Analysis, Biomedical Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan ^aff003
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226952

Souhrn

We monitored the survival of human pathogenic bacteria [Escherichia coli (ATCC), extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing E. coli (Clinical isolate), New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-producing E. coli (clinical isolate), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC)] on dry materials (vinyl chloride, aluminum, plastic, stainless steel) at distinct temperatures (room temperature or 15°C–37°C). These bacteria favored a lower temperature for their prolonged survival on the dry fomites, regardless of the material type. Interestingly, when mixed with S. aureus, E. coli survived for a longer time at a lower temperature. Cardiolipin, which can promote the survival of S. aureus in harsh environments, had no effect on maintaining the survival of E. coli. Although the trends remained unchanged, adjusting the humidity from 40% to 60% affected the survival of bacteria on dry surfaces. Scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed no morphological differences in these bacteria immediately before or after one day of dry conditions. In addition, ATP assessment, a method used to visualize high-touch surfaces in hospitals, was not effective at monitoring bacterial dynamics. A specialized handrail device fitted with a heater, which was maintained at normal human body core temperature, successfully prohibited the prolonged survival of bacteria [Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC), E. coli (ATCC), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC), S. aureus (ATCC), Acinetobacter baumannii (clinical isolate), and Serratia marcescens (clinical isolate)], with the exception of spore-forming Bacillus subtilis (from our laboratory collection) and the yeast-like fungus Candida albicans (from our laboratory collection)] on dry surfaces. Taken together, we concluded that the tested bacteria favor lower temperatures for their survival in dry environments. Therefore, the thermal control of dry fomites has the potential to control bacterial survival on high-touch surfaces in hospitals.

Klíčová slova:

Bacterial pathogens – Body temperature – Enterococcus faecalis – Humidity – Chlorides – Nosocomial infections – Stainless steel – Staphylococcus aureus

Zdroje

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Effect of thermal control of dry fomites on regulating the survival of human pathogenic bacteria responsible for nosocomial infections

Souhrn

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