#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Variations of training load, monotony, and strain and dose-response relationships with maximal aerobic speed, maximal oxygen uptake, and isokinetic strength in professional soccer players


Autoři: Filipe Manuel Clemente aff001;  Cain Clark aff003;  Daniel Castillo aff004;  Hugo Sarmento aff005;  Pantelis Theodoros Nikolaidis aff006;  Thomas Rosemann aff007;  Beat Knechtle aff007
Působiště autorů: Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo, School of Sport and Leisure, Melgaço, Portugal aff001;  Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Covilhã, Portugal aff002;  Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, CV1 5FB, Coventry, United Kingdom aff003;  Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Burgos, Spain aff004;  Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal aff005;  Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Nikaia, Greece aff006;  Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland aff007;  Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen, Switzerland aff008
Vyšlo v časopise: PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225522

Souhrn

This study aimed to identify variations in weekly training load, training monotony, and training strain across a 10-week period (during both, pre- and in-season phases); and to analyze the dose-response relationships between training markers and maximal aerobic speed (MAS), maximal oxygen uptake, and isokinetic strength. Twenty-seven professional soccer players (24.9±3.5 years old) were monitored across the 10-week period using global positioning system units. Players were also tested for maximal aerobic speed, maximal oxygen uptake, and isokinetic strength before and after 10 weeks of training. Large positive correlations were found between sum of training load and extension peak torque in the right lower limb (r = 0.57, 90%CI[0.15;0.82]) and the ratio agonist/antagonist in the right lower limb (r = 0.51, [0.06;0.78]). It was observed that loading measures fluctuated across the period of the study and that the load was meaningfully associated with changes in the fitness status of players. However, those magnitudes of correlations were small-to-large, suggesting that variations in fitness level cannot be exclusively explained by the accumulated load and loading profile.

Klíčová slova:

Body limbs – Exercise – Experimental design – Heart rate – Oxygen – Oxygen consumption – Sports – Torque


Zdroje

1. Borresen J, Lambert MI. The quantification of training load, the training response and the effect on performance. Sports Med. 2009;39: 779–95. doi: 10.2165/11317780-000000000-00000 19691366

2. Bourdon PC, Cardinale M, Murray A, Gastin P, Kellmann M, Varley MC, et al. Monitoring Athlete Training Loads: Consensus Statement. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017;12: S2-161-S2-170. doi: 10.1123/IJSPP.2017-0208 28463642

3. Halson SL. Monitoring Training Load to Understand Fatigue in Athletes. Sport Med. 2014;44: 139–147. doi: 10.1007/s40279-014-0253-z 25200666

4. Gabbett TJ. Debunking the myths about training load, injury and performance: empirical evidence, hot topics and recommendations for practitioners. Br J Sports Med. 2018; bjsports-2018-099784. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2018-099784 30366966

5. Fitzpatrick JF, Hicks KM, Hayes PR. Dose-Response Relationship between Training Load and Changes in Aerobic Fitness in Professional Youth Soccer Players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2018;ahead-of-p: 1–22. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2017-0843 29745785

6. Jaspers A, Brink MS, Probst SGM, Frencken WGP, Helsen WF. Relationships Between Training Load Indicators and Training Outcomes in Professional Soccer. Sport Med. 2017;47: 533–544. doi: 10.1007/s40279-016-0591-0 27459866

7. Avalos M, Hellard P, Chatard J-C. Modeling the Training-Performance Relationship Using a Mixed Model in Elite Swimmers. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 2003;35: 838–846. doi: 10.1249/01.MSS.0000065004.05033.42 12750595

8. Mann TN, Lamberts RP, Lambert MI. High Responders and Low Responders: Factors Associated with Individual Variation in Response to Standardized Training. Sport Med. 2014;44: 1113–1124. doi: 10.1007/s40279-014-0197-3 24807838

9. Hill-Haas S, Coutts A, Rowsell G, Dawson B. Variability of acute physiological responses and performance profiles of youth soccer players in small-sided games. J Sci Med Sport. 2008;11: 487–490. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2007.07.006 17825620

10. Akubat I, Patel E, Barrett S, Abt G. Methods of monitoring the training and match load and their relationship to changes in fitness in professional youth soccer players. J Sports Sci. 2012;30: 1473–1480. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2012.712711 22857397

11. Foster C, Florhaug JA, Franklin J, Gottschall L, Hrovatin LA, Parker S, et al. A new approach to monitoring exercise training. J Strength Cond Res. 2001;15: 109–115. 11708692

12. Impellizzeri FM, Rampinini E, Coutts AJ, Sassi A, Marcora SM. Use of RPE-based training load in soccer. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36: 1042–1047. doi: 10.1249/01.mss.0000128199.23901.2f 15179175

13. Scott TJ, Black CR, Quinn J, Coutts AJ. Validity and Reliability of the Session-RPE Method for Quantifying Training in Australian Football. J Strength Cond Res. 2013;27: 270–276. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182541d2e 22450253

14. Casamichana D, Castellano J, Calleja-Gonzalez J, San Román J, Castagna C. Relationship Between Indicators of Training Load in Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res. 2013;27: 369–374. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182548af1 22465992

15. Campos-Vazquez MA, Toscano-Bendala FJ, Mora-Ferrera JC, Suarez-Arrones LJ. Relationship Between Internal Load Indicators and Changes on Intermittent Performance After the Preseason in Professional Soccer Players. J Strength Cond Res. 2017;31: 1477–1485. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001613 28538295

16. Los Arcos A, Martínez-Santos R, Yanci J, Mendiguchia J, Méndez-Villanueva A. Negative Associations between Perceived Training Load, Volume and Changes in Physical Fitness in Professional Soccer Players. J Sport Sci Med. 2015;14: 394–401.

17. Haddad M, Stylianides G, Djaoui L, Dellal A, Chamari K. Session-RPE Method for Training Load Monitoring: Validity, Ecological Usefulness, and Influencing Factors. Front Neurosci. 2017;11. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00011

18. Williams S, Trewartha G, Cross MJ, Kemp SPT, Stokes KA. Monitoring What Matters: A Systematic Process for Selecting Training-Load Measures. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017;12: S2-101-S2-106. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0337 27834553

19. Clemente FM, Mendes B, Nikolaidis PT, Calvete F, Carriço S, Owen AL. Internal training load and its longitudinal relationship with seasonal player wellness in elite professional soccer. Physiol Behav. 2017;179: 262–267. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.06.021 28668619

20. Algrøy EA, Hetlelid KJ, Seiler S, Pedersen JIS. Quantifying Training Intensity Distribution in a Group of Norwegian Professional Soccer Players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2011;6: 70–81. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.6.1.70 21487151

21. Foster CARL. Monitoring training in athletes with reference to overtraining syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998;30: 1164–1168. doi: 10.1097/00005768-199807000-00023 9662690

22. Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988.

23. Batterham AM, Hopkins WG. Making Meaningful Inferences about Magnitudes. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2006;1: 50–57. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.1.1.50 19114737

24. Hopkins WG, Marshall SW, Batterham AM, Hanin J. Progressive Statistics for Studies in Sports Medicine and Exercise Science. Med Sci Sport Exerc. 2009;41: 3–13. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818cb278 19092709

25. Gabbett TJ. The training—injury prevention paradox: should athletes be training smarter and harder? Br J Sports Med. 2016;50: 273–280. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095788 26758673

26. Fessi MS, Nouira S, Dellal A, Owen A, Elloumi M, Moalla W. Changes of the psychophysical state and feeling of wellness of professional soccer players during pre-season and in-season periods. Res Sport Med. 2016;24: 375–386. doi: 10.1080/15438627.2016.1222278 27574867

27. Lago-Peñas C, Sampaio J. Just how important is a good season start? Overall team performance and financial budget of elite soccer clubs. J Sports Sci. 2015;33: 1214–1218. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2014.986184 25443809

28. Stølen T, Chamari K, Castagna C, Wisløff U. Physiology of Soccer. Sport Med. 2005;35: 501–536.

29. Stevens TGA, de Ruiter CJ, Twisk JWR, Savelsbergh GJP, Beek PJ. Quantification of in-season training load relative to match load in professional Dutch Eredivisie football players. Sci Med Footb. 2017;1: 117–125. doi: 10.1080/24733938.2017.1282163

30. Coutinho D, Gonçalves B, Figueira B, Abade E, Marcelino R, Sampaio J. Typical weekly workload of under 15, under 17, and under 19 elite Portuguese football players. J Sports Sci. 2015;33: 1229–37. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1022575 25789549

31. Malone JJ, Di Michele R, Morgans R, Burgess D, Morton JP, Drust B. Seasonal Training-Load Quantification in Elite English Premier League Soccer Players. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2015;10: 489–497. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2014-0352 25393111

32. Gil-Rey E, Lezaun A, Los Arcos A. Quantification of the perceived training load and its relationship with changes in physical fitness performance in junior soccer players. J Sports Sci. 2015;33: 2125–2132. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1069385 26222603

33. Leal de Queiroz Thomaz de Aquino R, Cruz Gonçalves LG, Palucci Vieira LH, de Paula Oliveira L, Alves GF, Pereira Santiago PR, et al. Periodization Training Focused On Technical-Tactical Ability In Young Soccer Players Positively Affects Biochemical Markers And Game Performance. J Strength Cond Res. 2016;ahead-of-p. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001381 26890976

34. Clemente FM, Martins FM, Mendes RS. Developing Aerobic and Anaerobic Fitness Using Small-Sided Soccer Games: Methodological Proposals. Strength Cond J. 2014;36: 76–87.

35. Rebelo ANC, Silva P, Rago V, Barreira D, Krustrup P. Differences in strength and speed demands between 4v4 and 8v8 small-sided football games. J Sports Sci. 2016;34: 2246–2254. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1194527 27278256

36. Guilherme J, Garganta J, Graça A, Seabra A. Influence of non-preferred foot technical training in reducing lower limbs functional asymmetry among young football players. J Sports Sci. 2015;33: 1790–1798. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2015.1012100 25686254


Článek vyšel v časopise

PLOS One


2019 Číslo 12
Nejčtenější tento týden
Nejčtenější v tomto čísle
Kurzy

Zvyšte si kvalifikaci online z pohodlí domova

plice
INSIGHTS from European Respiratory Congress
nový kurz

Současné pohledy na riziko v parodontologii
Autoři: MUDr. Ladislav Korábek, CSc., MBA

Svět praktické medicíny 3/2024 (znalostní test z časopisu)

Kardiologické projevy hypereozinofilií
Autoři: prof. MUDr. Petr Němec, Ph.D.

Střevní příprava před kolonoskopií
Autoři: MUDr. Klára Kmochová, Ph.D.

Všechny kurzy
Kurzy Podcasty Doporučená témata Časopisy
Přihlášení
Zapomenuté heslo

Zadejte e-mailovou adresu, se kterou jste vytvářel(a) účet, budou Vám na ni zaslány informace k nastavení nového hesla.

Přihlášení

Nemáte účet?  Registrujte se

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#