Gender and neglected tropical disease front-line workers: Data from 16 countries
Autoři:
Erica A. Shoemaker aff001; Kelly Dale aff002; Daniel A. Cohn aff003; Maureen P. Kelly aff001; Kathryn L. Zoerhoff aff001; Wilfrid E. Batcho aff004; Clarisse Bougouma aff005; Georges B. Nko’Ayissi aff006; Aboulaye Meite aff007; Benjamin Marfo aff008; André Goepogui aff009; Marc-Aurele Telfort aff010; Lita Renata Sianipar aff011; Mahamadou Traore aff012; Pradip Rimal aff013; Djibo Aichatou Alfari aff014; Chukwuma Anyaike aff015; Fatou N. Badiane aff016; Ibrahim Kargbo-Labour aff017; Upendo J. Mwingira aff018; Marcel S. Awoussi aff020; Rachel D. Stelmach aff001; Carly L. Smith aff021; Jennifer Arney aff003; Taroub Harb Faramand aff002; Diana M. Stukel aff003; Bolivar Pou aff003; Lisa A. Rotondo aff001; John D. Kraemer aff001; Margaret C. Baker aff001
Působiště autorů:
RTI International, Washington, DC, United States of America
aff001; WI-HER, Vienna, Virginia, United States of America
aff002; FHI 360, Washington, DC, United States of America
aff003; National Communicable Disease Control Program, Ministry of Health, Cotonou, Republic of Benin
aff004; National Neglected Tropical Disease Control Program, Disease Control Directorate, Ministry of Health, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
aff005; Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases Sub-Department, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Republic of Cameroon
aff006; National Control Program for Preventive Chemotherapy Neglected Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Abidjan, Republic of Côte d'Ivoire
aff007; National Neglected Tropical Diseases Program, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Republic of Ghana
aff008; National Onchocerciasis and Blindness and Neglected Tropical Disease Control Program, National Prevention and Community Health Directorate, Ministry of Health, Conakry, Republic of Guinea
aff009; National Malaria Control Program, Ministry of Public Health and Population, Port-au-Prince, Republic of Haiti
aff010; Sub-Directorate of Filariasis & Helminthiasis Control, Directorate of Vector Borne Disease Control, Directorate General of Communicable Disease and Environmental Health, Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Republic of Indonesia
aff011; National Schistosomiasis and Soil-Transmitted Helminths Control Program, Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene, Bamako, Mali
aff012; Epidemiology and Disease Control Division, Department of Health Services, Ministry of Health, Kathmandu, Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
aff013; NTD Control Program, Directorate of the Protection of Public Health, Ministry of Public Health, Niamey, Republic of Niger
aff014; Department of Public Health, Neglected Tropical Diseases Division, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Federal Republic of Nigeria
aff015; NTD Control Program, Disease Control Directorate, Ministry of Health and Social Work, Dakar, Senegal
aff016; Neglected Tropical Diseases Programme, Disease Prevention and Control Directorate, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown, Republic of Sierra Leone
aff017; Neglected Tropical Diseases Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
aff018; National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
aff019; National Neglected Tropical Disease Control Program, General Directorate of Health, Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Lomé, Republic of Togo
aff020; Office of Infectious Diseases, US Agency for International Development, Washington, DC, United States of America
aff021; Department of Health Systems Administration, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
aff022
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(12)
Kategorie:
Research Article
doi:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0224925
Souhrn
Background
Delivery of preventive chemotherapy (PC) through mass drug administration (MDA) is used to control or eliminate five of the most common neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). The success of an MDA campaign relies on the ability of drug distributors and their supervisors—the NTD front-line workers—to reach populations at risk of NTDs. In the past, our understanding of the demographics of these workers has been limited, but with increased access to sex-disaggregated data, we begin to explore the implications of gender and sex for the success of NTD front-line workers.
Methodology/Principal findings
We reviewed data collected by USAID-supported NTD projects from national NTD programs from fiscal years (FY) 2012–2017 to assess availability of sex-disaggregated data on the workforce. What we found was sex-disaggregated data on 2,984,908 trainees trained with financial support from the project. We then analyzed the percentage of males and females trained by job category, country, and fiscal year. During FY12, 59% of these data were disaggregated by sex, which increased to nearly 100% by FY15 and was sustained through FY17. In FY17, 43% of trainees were female, with just four countries reporting more females than males trained as drug distributors and three countries reporting more females than males trained as trainers/supervisors. Except for two countries, there were no clear trends over time in changes to the percent of females trained.
Conclusions/Significance
There has been a rapid increase in availability of sex-disaggregated data, but little increase in recruitment of female workers in countries included in this study. Women continue to be under-represented in the NTD workforce, and while there are often valid reasons for this distribution, we need to test this norm and better understand gender dynamics within NTD programs to increase equity.
Klíčová slova:
Drug policy – Jobs – Neglected tropical diseases – Nepal – Senegal – Social systems – Supervisors – Trainees
Zdroje
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