Malawian children with uncomplicated and cerebral malaria have decreased activated Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cells which increase in convalescence
Autoři:
Visopo Harawa aff001; Madi Njie aff004; Thomas Keller aff005; Kami Kim aff005; Anthony Jaworowski aff006; Karl Seydel aff003; Stephen J. Rogerson aff004; Wilson Mandala aff001
Působiště autorů:
Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, University of Malawi, Blantyre, Malawi
aff001; Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
aff002; Blantyre Malaria Project, Blantyre, Malawi
aff003; Department of Medicine at the Doherty Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
aff004; University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
aff005; Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
aff006; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
aff007; Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
aff008; Academy of Medical Sciences, Malawi University of Science and Technology, Thyolo, Malawi
aff009
Vyšlo v časopise:
PLoS ONE 14(10)
Kategorie:
Research Article
doi:
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223410
Souhrn
Malaria is responsible for almost half a million deaths annually. The role of Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cells in malaria is still unclear. Studies have reported an association between this cell subset and malaria symptoms and severity. Profiles of Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cells in bigger cohorts with different levels of clinical severity have not been described. Proportion, numbers, and activation status of Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cells were measured by flow cytometry in 59 healthy controls (HCs), 58 children with uncomplicated malaria (UM) and 67 with cerebral malaria (CM,) during acute malaria and in convalescence 28 days later. Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cell were lower in children presenting with UM and CM than in HCs. Cell counts did not vary with malaria severity (CM median counts 40 x 103 cells/μL, IQR [23–103]; UM median counts 30 x 103 cells/μL [10–90], P = 0.224). Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cell counts increased during convalescence for UM (70 [40–60] x 103 cells/μL and CM (90 [60–140] x 103 cells/μL), to levels similar to those in HCs (70 [50–140] x 103 cells/μL), p = 0.70 and p = 0.40 respectively. Expression of the activation markers CD69 and HLA-DR on Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cells was higher in malaria cases than in controls (HCs vs UM or CM, p < 0.0001) but was similar between UM and CM. HLA-DR expression remained elevated at 28 days, suggesting sustained activation of Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cells during recovery. Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cell proportions and cells counts were suppressed in acute disease and normalized in convalescence, a phenomenon previously hypothesized to be due to transient migration of the cells to secondary lymphoid tissue. The presence of highly activated Vγ9Vδ2 γδ T cells suggests that this T cell subset plays a specific role in response to malaria infection.
Klíčová slova:
Immune response – Lymphocytes – Malaria – Malarial parasites – T cells – Cerebral malaria – Convalescence – Cell enumeration techniques
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