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Waking up quiescent neural stem cells: Molecular mechanisms and implications in neurodevelopmental disorders


Autoři: Wei Yung Ding aff001;  Jiawen Huang aff001;  Hongyan Wang aff001
Působiště autorů: Neuroscience & Behavioural Disorders Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore aff001;  Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore aff002;  NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore aff003
Vyšlo v časopise: Waking up quiescent neural stem cells: Molecular mechanisms and implications in neurodevelopmental disorders. PLoS Genet 16(4): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008653
Kategorie: Review
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1008653

Souhrn

Neural stem cells (NSCs) are crucial for development, regeneration, and repair of the nervous system. Most NSCs in mammalian adult brains are quiescent, but in response to extrinsic stimuli, they can exit from quiescence and become reactivated to give rise to new neurons. The delicate balance between NSC quiescence and activation is important for adult neurogenesis and NSC maintenance. However, how NSCs transit between quiescence and activation remains largely elusive. Here, we discuss our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the reactivation of quiescent NSCs. We review recent advances on signaling pathways originated from the NSC niche and their crosstalk in regulating NSC reactivation. We also highlight new intrinsic paradigms that control NSC reactivation in Drosophila and mammalian systems. We also discuss emerging evidence on modeling human neurodevelopmental disorders using NSCs.

Klíčová slova:

BMP signaling – Central nervous system – Drosophila melanogaster – Endothelial cells – Neurons – Regulator genes – Stem cell niche – Transcription factors


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