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Droplet digitálna PCR ako nový dia­gnostický nástroj


Autoři: B. Váňová 1,2;  B. Malicherova 2;  T. Burjanivová 3;  A. Liskova 4;  K. Janikova 2,5;  K. Jasek 2;  Z. Lasabová 3;  M. Tatár 5;  L. Plank 6
Působiště autorů: Martin´s Center of Immunology, Ltd., Martin, Slovakia 1;  Biomedical Center Martin JFM CU, Martin, Slovakia 2;  Department of Molecular Biology JFM CU, Martin, Slovakia 3;  Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology JFM CU and University Hospital in Martin, Slovakia 4;  Department of Pathological Physiology JFM CU, Martin, Slovakia 5;  Department of Pathological Anatomy, JFM CU and University Hospital in Martin, Slovakia 6
Vyšlo v časopise: Klin Onkol 2021; 34(1): 33-39
Kategorie: Přehled
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/ccko202133

Souhrn

Východiská: Podstatou moderných postupov liečby onkologických pacientov je v dnešnej dobe zacielenie konkrétnych molekúl zapojených do bunkovej signalizácie asociovanej s nádorovou iniciáciou a progresiou. Úspech uvedeného prístupu závisí od správne zvoleného dia­gnostického testu s vysokou citlivosťou, ktorý identifikuje výskyt a hladinu vybraných bio­markerov u pacientov pre selekciu tých, ktorí budú na liečivo reagovať a budú z neho benefitovať. Vývoj nových technológií a modernizácia tých známych, prispievajú k inováciám molekulárnej charakterizácie karcinómov, ktorá umožňuje detekciu mutačného stavu pacienta s vysokou citlivosťou a špecifickosťou. Cieľ: V práci diskutujeme o využití polymerázovej reťazovej reakcie (PCR) tretej generácie, tzv. droplet digitálnej PCR (ddPCR), v molekulárnej dia­gnostike karcinómov. Podľa štúdií uvedených v našom prehľade predstavuje ddPCR sľubný nástroj pri vytváraní genetického profilu pacientov s onkologickým ochorením. Optimalizácia a presná validácia môžu preto umožniť postupnú implementáciu ddPCR do klinickej praxe v oblasti  onkológie.

Klíčová slova:

rakovina – nádorové bio­markery – molekulárna dia­gnostika – ddPCR


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