Prevalence, příčiny a léčba žaludečních varixů – přehled literatury

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Autoři: Eunice Boakye Yiadom ¹; Tayyab Saeed Akhtar ^1,2 ; Sameen Abbas ³ ; Dua Sadaf Abbasi ³ ; Amjad Khan ^3,4*
Působiště autorů: Faculty of Life Science and Education, University of South Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom ¹; Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan ²; Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan ³; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi‘an Jiaotong University, Xi‘an, China ⁴
Vyšlo v časopise: Gastroent Hepatol 2024; 78(3): 247-258
Kategorie: Přehledová práce
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/ccgh2024247

Souhrn

Žaludeční varixy, i když méně časté než varixy jícnové, vykazují vyšší morbiditu a mortalitu. Tento komplexní přehled literatury zkoumá prevalenci žaludečních varixů, různé klasifikační systémy a dostupné možnosti léčby. Spektrum léčebných modalit zahrnuje primární a sekundární prevenci, strategie akutního žaludečního varixového krvácení a preventivní opatření proti opětovnému krvácení. Pečlivé zkoumání PubMed a Google Scholar v posledním desetiletí (2013–2023) formovalo kritéria pro zařazení pro dospělé ve věku 18 a více let s diagnózou žaludečních varixů, s krvácením z varixů nebo bez něj. Vylučovací kritéria eliminovala nežaludeční varixové příčiny krvácení z horní části gastrointestinálního traktu a kvalitativní články, což vedlo ke 43 relevantním záznamům ze 190 původně identifikovaných. Různorodá krajina managementu vychází vstříc specifickému typu žaludečních varixů, což přispívá k rozmanitému léčebnému přístupu. Zejména endoskopická ultrazvukem řízená spirálová embolizace spojená s injekcí lepidla se ukázala jako slibná intervence, která prokazuje vynikající výsledky při řešení žaludečních varixů. Rozvíjející se chápání těchto varixů a postupující terapeutické strategie podtrhují dynamickou povahu výzkumu v této kritické lékařské oblasti.

Klíčová slova:

žaludeční varixy – krvácení do horní části gastrointestinálního traktu – klasifikace – hemostáza – etiologie – možnosti léčby

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ORCID authors

T. Saaed 0000-0002-0868-5599,

S. Abbas 0000-0002-7260-3973,

D. S. Abbasi 0000-0002-8475-949X,

A. Khan 0000-0002-8210-481X.

Submitted/Doručeno: 29. 1. 2024

Accepted/Přijato: 6. 3. 2024

Amjad Khan, MD

Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University

P4XX+HMR

Islamabad

Islamabad Capital Territory