Transmission modes affect the population structure of potato virus Y in potato

English version

Autoři: Washington da Silva ^aff001; Denis Kutnjak ^aff003; Yi Xu ^aff002; Yimin Xu ^aff006; James Giovannoni ^aff006; Santiago F. Elena ^aff004; Stewart Gray ^aff002
Působiště autorů: Department of Pathology and Ecology, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America ^aff001; School of Integrative Plant Science, Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America ^aff002; Department of Biotechnology and Systems Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia ^aff003; Instituto de Biología Integrativa de Sistemas (ISysBio), CSIC-Universitat de València, Paterna, València, Spain ^aff004; Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China ^aff005; Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America ^aff006; Emerging Pests & Pathogens Research Unit, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, New York, United States of America ^aff007; The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America ^aff008
Vyšlo v časopise: Transmission modes affect the population structure of potato virus Y in potato. PLoS Pathog 16(6): e32767. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1008608
Kategorie: Research Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1008608

Souhrn

Transmission is a crucial part of a viral life cycle and transmission mode can have an important impact on virus biology. It was demonstrated that transmission mode can influence the virulence and evolution of a virus; however, few empirical data are available to describe the direct underlying changes in virus population structure dynamics within the host. Potato virus Y (PVY) is an RNA virus and one of the most damaging pathogens of potato. It comprises several genetically variable strains that are transmitted between plants via different transmission modes. To investigate how transmission modes affect the within-plant viral population structure, we have used a deep sequencing approach to examine the changes in the genetic structure of populations (in leaves and tubers) of three PVY strains after successive passages by horizontal (aphid and mechanical) and vertical (via tubers) transmission modes. Nucleotide diversities of viral populations were significantly influenced by transmission modes; lineages transmitted by aphids were the least diverse, whereas lineages transmitted by tubers were the most diverse. Differences in nucleotide diversities of viral populations between leaves and tubers were transmission mode-dependent, with higher diversities in tubers than in leaves for aphid and mechanically transmitted lineages. Furthermore, aphid and tuber transmissions were shown to impose stronger genetic bottlenecks than mechanical transmission. To better understand the structure of virus populations within the host, transmission mode, movement of the virus within the host, and the number of replication cycles after transmission event need to be considered. Collectively, our results suggest a significant impact of virus transmission modes on the within-plant diversity of virus populations and provide quantitative fundamental data for understanding how transmission can shape virus diversity in the natural ecosystems, where different transmission modes are expected to affect virus population structure and consequently its evolution.

Klíčová slova:

Leaves – Nicotiana – Population genetics – Potato – Species diversity – Tubers – Viral evolution – Viral structure

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