Změny v angiogenezi placenty a jejich korelace s rozvojem intrauterinní růstové retardace plodu

English version

Autoři: P. Bolehovská ¹; B. Sehnal ¹; D. Driák ¹ ; M. Halaška ¹; M. Magner ³; J. Novotný ²; I. Švandová
Působiště autorů: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles Universityand Hospital Na Bulovce, Prague ¹; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague ²; Department of Children and Adolescent Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital, Prague ³
Vyšlo v časopise: Ceska Gynekol 2015; 80(2): 144-150

Souhrn

Typ studie:
Přehledový článek.

Pracoviště:
Gynekologicko-porodnická klinika, 1. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Nemocnice Na Bulovce, Praha; Katedra fyziologie, Přírodovědecká fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Praha; Klinika dětského a dorostového lékařství, 1. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice, Praha.

Úvod:
Intrauterinní růstová retardace plodu (IUGR) je jeden z největších problémů současného porodnictví. Incidence se pohybuje kolem 3–10 % podle typu studované populace a vybraných kritérií. Nejvíce používanou definicí je váha plodu pod 10. percentilem vzhledem ke gestačnímu věku. Část autorů definuje IUGR pod 5. nebo 3. percentil. Jakýkoli zásah do vývoje cévního zásobení placenty může mít kritický dopad na růst a vývoj plodu. Omezená uteroplacentární perfuze je pak nejčastější příčinou IUGR. Vznik IUGR může být také odrazem poruchy prodlužování, větvení a dilatace kapilár placenty.

Metodika:
Tento přehledový článek shrnuje aktuální informace týkající se změn v placentární angiogenezi a jejich vlivu na rozvoj IUGR.

Závěr:
Cílem je shrnout současné znalosti týkající se mechanismu vývoje vaskulárního zásobení placenty za fyziologických podmínek a za podmínek vedoucí k rozvoji IUGR.

Klíčová slova:
intrauterinní růstová retardace plodu, růstové faktory, placenta, váha plodu, angiogeneze

Zdroje

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