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News Are SGLT2 Inhibitors Only Suitable for the Treatment of Diabetes?
SGLT2 inhibitors, or gliflozins, are effective antidiabetic drugs that have shown nephroprotective and cardioprotective effects in diabetics, repeatedly demonstrated in clinical trials. At the European Cardiology Congress in September 2019 in Paris, results were presented from the DAPA-HF study, where dapagliflozin became the first SGLT2 inhibitor to show benefits in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction of the left ventricle, regardless of whether they had type 2 diabetes or not. The study thus offered a completely new perspective on the treatment of heart failure.
News “Customized Schizophrenia Treatment”: Benefits of Therapeutic Innovations in Inpatient and Outpatient Care Thanks to Gentler Antipsychotics
In the field of schizophrenia treatment, the possibility of significantly greater individualization, brought about by gentler antipsychotics, is currently a hot topic. A major focus is the differences in schizophrenia therapy during hospitalization and subsequently in outpatient care. These topics were also addressed in a seminar called “Customized Schizophrenia Treatment,” supported by Angelini, which took place in Brno.
News Rapid Strengthening and Long-term Stabilization – New Strategy for Sequential Treatment of Severe Osteoporosis
Osteoanabolics have long been considered a treatment modality for osteoporosis that is only considered when antiresorptive medication lacks the desired efficacy. However, their role has been shifting in recent years based on new findings from clinical research, as evidenced by the conclusions of the expert working group of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis, and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO), whose brief summary we bring.
News Over 10 Years of Experience with TPO-RA in the Treatment of Immune Thrombocytopenia
Medications from the group of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) have become an integral part of the therapy for patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) over the past more than 10 years. Their administration represents a new approach compared to the previous, long-established treatment, and has significantly changed the prognosis of the disease in many patients.
News Through Obstacles to the Stars – Path to Developing a Healthy Gut Microbiota in Children: What Blocks It and What Helps?
The gut microbiota is acquired by an individual during the first 2 years of life. The main source is the mother’s microbiota. Obstacles to the formation of an adequate microbiota include inappropriate composition of the mother’s microbiota, absence of vaginal birth and breastfeeding, as well as artificial feeding and antibiotic treatment in the child. We provide a summary of current findings on the adverse effects of planned cesarean sections on the child’s microbiome, as recently published in Critical Reviews in Microbiology.
News ESC 2022: Initiating Gliflozin in HFpEF During Hospitalization Can Benefit the Patient. This is Also Evidenced by Experience from the USA
Based on evidence from clinical studies, gliflozins are currently being introduced into practice for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) as early as hospitalization. Sharing experiences is therefore very valuable. Several symposia at the ESC 2022 congress focused on the issue of introducing these drugs into HF treatment, some of which also included illustrative case studies. For example, the case of a patient with HFpEF from the USA demonstrated the early initiation of empagliflozin during hospitalization.
News Treatment of HFrEF with Sacubitril/Valsartan Does Not Have to Be the ‘Last Resort’
The TRANSITION study has provided evidence on the safety and efficacy of administering sacubitril/valsartan to patients after acute decompensation of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction of the left ventricle (HFrEF). A recent sub-analysis of its results suggested that not only patients with a long-known diagnosis but also those with newly diagnosed HFrEF could benefit from the treatment if the possibility of its prescription in this indication arises.
News How to Save a Leg from Amputation?
Feared complications in diabetics include defects in typical locations on the lower limbs. Their presence and frequent recurrences increase the risk of possible amputation of varying degrees, mainly depending on the involvement of deep structures, i.e., tendons, joint capsules, joints, and bones. How can this scenario be avoided? One answer might be HydroTherapy.
News Results of Prophylactic Treatment of Severe von Willebrand Disease with Recombinant vWF
The phase III study cited below evaluated the efficacy and safety of 12-month prophylaxis with recombinant von Willebrand factor (rvWF) in 23 patients with severe von Willebrand disease (vWD), who had previously been treated either on-demand (during spontaneous bleeding episodes) or had been on prophylaxis with plasma-derived vWF (pdvWF).
News COMMENTARY FROM PRACTICE: On Some Aspects of Care for Patients with Parkinson's Disease
What issues do we still encounter in the diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease even today, despite medical advancements? How to fine-tune the management of care for these patients, facilitate their path to effective therapy, and improve their quality of life using current possibilities? What can their treating neurologist do for them, when is it necessary to consult a specialized center without delay, and how to mitigate the stigmatization associated with this disease? These aspects are also considered in the following commentary from practice.
News Parenteral Nutrition in Oncological Patients in Current ESPEN Recommendations
The current guidelines of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) address nutritional care in oncological patients − current knowledge is summarized in a total of 43 recommendations, from which we select some key points, focusing primarily on parenteral nutrition in these patients.
News Diagnosis and Management of Therapy for a Breastfeeding Patient with Significant Elevation of Liver Enzymes Postpartum – Interactive Case Study
In the following case study, we present a specific approach to a patient who developed a significant elevation of liver enzymes after childbirth. Through interactive elements, you can try out how you would proceed in diagnosing and treating this case.
News 10 Warning Signs of Primary and Secondary Immunodeficiencies
The Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF) proposed 10 warning signs of primary immunodeficiencies (PID). The study presented below examined whether they are applicable to secondary immunodeficiencies (SID) and whether there are any additional signs that could help in diagnosing SID.
News Is It Necessary to Discontinue Dupilumab in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis During the COVID-19 Pandemic?
Italian authors described their experiences with remote treatment of 200 atopic dermatitis (AD) patients using dupilumab during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in spring 2020. Observations from clinical practice, published data, and pathophysiological considerations do not suggest an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in AD patients receiving this biological treatment.
News Educational Brochure for Patients with CLL
Thanks to the expansion of modern therapies for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, many patients now have regimens based on venetoclax. Do you want to help them better understand the practical aspects and principles of this therapy? For this purpose, the Czech Group for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (ČSCLL) in collaboration with PharmDr. Petra Rozsívalová from the Department of Clinical Pharmacy of the Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and the University Hospital Hradec Králové has compiled a new brochure. It clearly and simply informs how this treatment works, the available dosages, how to use it correctly, and the most common side effects. Of course, it includes many practical tips, such as what to do if a patient forgets to take a dose, which foods interact with the treatment, and whether it affects the efficacy of vaccinations.
News Physiological and Clinical Effect of Romiplostim in the Treatment of ITP
Romiplostim in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) has demonstrated safety and the promise of long-term remission, enabling many pediatric and adult patients to discontinue treatment and maintain a drug-free state.
News Impact of Rehabilitation on the Health of Patients with COPD
According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), pulmonary rehabilitation is one of the most effective therapeutic interventions for reducing dyspnea, improving physical performance, and enhancing quality of life. Below, we summarize current insights on the effectiveness and possibilities of rehabilitation for these patients.
News Specific treatment of pulmonary involvement in patients with AAT deficiency − why, how, and for whom?
For patients with emphysema and decreased lung function due to alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), there is an approved specific treatment which involves the i.v. administration of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) derived from human plasma. This augmentation therapy slows the loss of lung tissue density. Its effects and impact on the frequency and duration of exacerbations, quality of life, lung functions, and patient mortality are less clear.
News Changes in Intestinal Microflora Correlate with Disease Activity in Patients with Lupus Erythematosus
The role of intestinal microflora in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including lupus erythematosus, has been discussed for a long time. An American study discovered a specific bacterium whose proliferation in the intestine correlates not only with the occurrence of the disease but also with its activity.
News Subclinical Hypothyroidism Associated with the Use of Allopurinol? What the Results of a Large Multicenter Study Suggested
Allopurinol is a widely used drug for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. The retrospective study presented below investigated whether its long-term use is associated with an increased risk of developing subclinical hypothyroidism.
News Is the efficacy of bisoprolol in secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention comparable to carvedilol?
Beta-blockers (BB) are recommended for all patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as part of secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The study presented below compared the efficacy of carvedilol – a vasodilating beta-blocker, whose benefit in this indication was confirmed by a randomized clinical trial – with the effect of bisoprolol.
News Key Role of HRCT in Diagnosing Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is often an unjustly overlooked disease. The truth is that it is a rare disease, but the prognosis for patients is very poor. To improve quality of life and chances of longer survival, early diagnosis is crucial, with imaging methods, specifically high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), playing a key role.