Obesity, body mass index, waist circumference and mortality
Authors:
M. Berková 1; Z. Berka 2
Authors place of work:
I. interní – kardiologická klinika Lékařské fakulty UP a FN Olomouc, přednosta doc. MU Dr. Miloš Táborský, CSc., FESC, MBA
1; II. interní klinika Lékařské fakulty UP a FN Olomouc, přednosta doc. MU Dr. Vlastimil Procházka, Ph. D.
2
Published in the journal:
Vnitř Lék 2011; 57(1): 85-91
Category:
Přehledné referáty
Summary
Obesity belongs to civilization diseases with its incidence and prevalence increasing all over the world. Complications of obesity represent a serious socioeconomic problem. Obesity is a part of the metabolic syndrome and an independent mortality risk factor in all age categories, however, this relation is twice as strong in individuals under fifty years of age. Slight overweight in old age is associated with reduced total mortality risk. Simple evaluation of obesity via calculation of body mass index and measurement of waist circumference can be carried out in every medical consulting room.
Key words:
obesity – body mass index – waist circumference – mortality
Zdroje
1. Fried M, Hainer V, Basdevant A et al. Inter- disciplinary European guidelines on surgery of severe obesity. Int J Obes 2007; 31: 569– 577.
2. Sturm R. Increases in morbid obesity in the USA: 2000– 2005. Public Health 2007; 121: 492– 496.
3. Mathew B, Francis L, Kayalar A et al. Obesity: Effects on cardiovascular disease and its diagnosis. JABFM 2008; 21: 562– 568.
4. Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL et al. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999– 2000. JAMA 2002; 288: 1723– 1727.
5. Kucmarski RJ, Flegal KM, Campbell SM et al. Increasing prevalence of overweight among US adults. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 1960 to 1991. JAMA 1994; 272: 205– 211.
6. Mokdad AH, Serdula MK, Dietz WH et al. The spread of obesity epidemic in the United States, 1991– 1998. JAMA 1999; 282: 1519– 1522.
7. Hainer V. Obezita. Praha: Triton 2001: 1– 12.
8. Olshansky SJ, Passaro DJ, Hershow RC et al. A potential decline in life expectancy in the United States in the 21st. century. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1138– 1145.
9. Snyder EE, Walts B, Perusse L et al. The human obesity gene map: the 2003 update. Obes Res 2004; 12: 369– 439.
10. Bell CG, Walley AJ, Froquel P. The genetics of human obesity. Nat rev genet 2005, 6: 221– 234.
11. Wardle J, Carnell S, Haworth CMA et al. Evidence for strong genetic influence on childhood adiposity despite the force of the obesogenic enviroment. Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87: 398– 404.
12. Tsigos C, Hainer V, Basdevant A et al. Management of obesity in adults: European clinical practise quidelines. Obesity Facts 2008; 1: 106– 116.
13. Lipscombe LL, Hux JE. Trends in diabetes prevalence, incidence, and mortality in Ontario, Canada 1995– 2005: a population-based study. Lancet 2007; 369: 750– 756.
14. Neovius M, Teixeira- Pinto A, Rasmussen F. Shift in the composition of obesity in young adult men in Sweden over a third of a century. Int J Obes 2008; 32: 832– 836.
15. Kern PA, Saghizadeh M, Ong JM et al. The expression of tumor necrosis factor in human adipose tissue: regulation by obesity, weight loss and relationship to lipoprotein lipase. J Clin Invest 1995; 95: 21111– 21119.
16. Hotamisligil GS, Arner P, Caro JF et al. Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor- α in human obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 1995; 95: 2409– 2415.
17. Lundgren CH, Brown SL, Nordt TK et al. Elaboration of type- 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor from adipocytes. A potential pathogenetic link between obesity and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 1996; 93: 106– 110.
18. Steppan CM, Bailey ST, Bhat S et al. The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes. Nature 2001; 409: 307– 312.
19. Esposito K, Nicoletti G, Marzano S et al. Autonomic dysfunction associates with prolongation of QT intervals and blunted night BP in obese women with visceral obesity. J Endocrinol Invest 2002; 25: RC32– RC35.
20. Sccareccia F, Pannozzo F, Dima F et al. Heart rate as a predictor of mortality: the MATIS Project Am J Public Health 2001; 91: 1258– 1263.
21. Heshka S, Ruggiero A, Bray GA et al. Look AHEAD Research Group. Altered body composition in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J obesity 2008; 32: 780– 787.
22. Chang CJ, Wu CH, Lu FH et al. Discriminating glucose tolerance status by regions of interest of dual- energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical implications of body fat distribution. Diabetes Care 1999; 22: 1938– 1943.
23. Snijder MB, Henry RM, Visser M et al. Regional body composition as a determinant of arterial stiffness in the elderly: The Hoorn study. J Hypertens 2004; 22: 2339– 2347.
24. Ferreira I, Snijder MB, Twisk JW et al. Central fat mass versus peripheral fat and lean mass, opposite (adverse versus favorable) associations with arterial stiffness? The Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study. J Clin Endocrinol metab 2004; 89: 2632– 2639.
25. Snijder MB, Visser M, Dekker J et al. Low subcutaneous thigh fat is a risk factor for unfavourable glucose and lipid levels, independently of high abdominal fat. The Health ABC Study. Diabetologia 2005; 48: 301– 308.
26. Ades PA, Savage PD, Toth MJ et al. The influence of obesity and consequent insulin resistance on coronary risk factors in medically treated patients with coronary disease. Int J Obesity 2008; 32: 967– 974.
27. Ferraro KF, Thorpe jr. RJ, Wilkinson JA. The Life Course of Severe Obesity: Does Childhood Overweight Matter? Oxford Journals, The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, Volume 58, Issue 2, S110– S119.
28. Baker JL, Olsen LW, Sorensen TIA. Childhoood Body- Mass Index and the risk of coronary heart disease in adulthood. NEJM 2007; 357: 2329– 2337.
29. Wardle J, Boniface D. Changes in the distributions of body mass index and waist circumference in English adults, 1993/ 1994 to 2002/ 2003. Int J Obes 2008; 32: 527– 532.
30. Lajka J, Kunešová M, Hainer V. Životní styl a obezita. Závěrečná zpráva projektu Ministerstva zdravotnictví. Praha: STEM/ MARK 2002, 2006.
31. Matoulek M. Jaký je poslední trend vývoje hmotnosti české populace? Obesity News 1/ 2010. [on-line]. [cit. 07– 06– 2010]. Available from www.obesity- news.cz/ ?id=203.
32. Flegal KM, Graubard BI, Williamson DF et al. Cause- specific excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity. JAMA 2007; 298: 2028– 2037.
33. McTigue K, Larson JC, Valoski A et al. Mortality and Cardiac and Vascular Outcomes in Extremely Obese Women. JAMA 2006; 296: 79– 86.
34. Moore SC, Mayne ST, Graubard BI et al. Past body mass index and risk of mortality among women. Int J Obesity 2008; 32: 730– 739.
35. Williams PT, Hoffman KM. Optimal body weight for the prevention of coronary heart disease in normal- weight physically active men. Obesity 2009; 17 7: 1428– 1434.
36. Jee SH, Sull JW, Park J et al. Body-mass index and mortality in Korean men and women NEJM 2006; 355: 779– 787.
37. Christou DD, Gentile CL, DeSouza DA et al. Fatness is a better predictor of cardiovascular disease risk factor profile than aerobic fitness in healthy men. Circulation 2005; 111: 1904– 1914.
38. Drenick EJ, Bale GS, Seltzer F et al. Excessive mortality and causes of death in morbidly obese men. JAMA 1980; 243: 443– 445.
39. Whitlock J, Lewington S, Sherliker P et al. Body-mass index and cause- specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Lancet 2009; 373: 1083– 1096.
40. Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Ross R. Body mass index is inversely related to mortality in older people after adjustment for waist circumference. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005; 53: 2112– 2118.
41. Janssen I, Mark AE. Elevated body mass index and mortality risk in elderly. Obes Rev 2006; 8: 41– 59.
42. Takata Z, Ansai T, Soh I et al. Association between body mass index and mortality in an 80-year- old population. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007; 55: 913– 917.
43. Weiss A, Beloosesky Y, Boaz M et al. Body mass index is inversely related to mortality in elderly subjects. J Gen Int Med 2007; 23: 19– 24.
44. Weiss A, Boaz M, Beloosesky Y et al. Body mass index and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hospitalized elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic Medicine 2009; 26: 253– 259.
45. Flicker L et al. Overweight elderly have similar mortality to normal- weight elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 2010; 58: 234– 241.
46. Thorpe jr. RJ. Aging, obesity and mortality. Research on Aging 2004; 26: 108– 129.
47. Stevens J, Cai J, Pamuk ER et al. The effect of age on the association between body-mass index and mortality. NEJM 1998; 338: 1– 7.
48. Mazza A, Zamboni S, Tikhonoff V et al. Body mass index and mortality in elderly men and women from general population. Gerontology 2007; 53: 36– 45.
49. Douketis JD, Paradis G, Keller H et al. Canadian guidelines for body weight classification in adults: application in clinical practice to screen for overweight and obesity and to assess disease risk. CMAJ 2005; 172: doi:10.1503/ cmaj.045170.
50. Kanaya AM, Vittinghoff E, Shlipak MG et al. Association of total and central obesity with mortality in postmenopausal women with coronary heart disease. Am J Epidemiol 2003; 158: 1161– 1170.
51. Bigaard J, Tjonneland A, Tjhomsen BL et al. Waist circumference, BMI, smoking, and mortality in middle- aged men and women. Obes Res 2003; 11: 895– 903.
52. Svačina Š. Metabolický syndrom a obezita. Remedia 2006; 2: 142– 144.
53. Empana JP, Ducimetiere P, Charles MA et al. Sagittal abdominal diameter and risk of sudden death in asymptomatic middle- aged men. The Paris Prospective Study I Circulation 2004; 110: 2781– 2785.
54. Price GM, Uauy R, Breeze E et al. Weight, shape, and mortality risk in older persons: elevated waist- hip ratio, not high body mass index, is associated with a greater risk of death. Am J Clin Nutr 2006; 84: 449– 460.
55. Srikanthan P, Seeman TE, Karlamangla AS. Waist- hip- ratio as a predictor of all-cause mortality in high-functioning older adults. Annals of Epidemiology 2009; 19: 10,724– 10,731.
56. Lally P, Chipperfield A, Wardle J. Healthy habits: efficacy of simple advice on weight control based on a habit- formation model. Int J Obes 2008; 32: 700– 707.
57. Avenell A, Broom J, Brown TJ et al. Systematic review of the long-term effects and economic consequences of treatments for obesity and implications for health improvement. Health Technol Assess 2004; 8: 21.
58. Matoulek M. Defining the level of physical activity for a diabetic who is obese. Vnitř Lék 2007; 53: 560– 562.
59. Shenassa ED, Fryze M, Braubach M et al. Routine stair climbing in place of residence and body mass index: a pan- European population based study. Int J Obesity 2008; 32: 490– 494.
Štítky
Diabetologie Endokrinologie Interní lékařstvíČlánek vyšel v časopise
Vnitřní lékařství
![Číslo 1](https://www.prolekare.cz/media/cache/resolve/journal_issue/media/image_pdf/06827d4f47a3a309c500d54944f1c860.jpeg)
2011 Číslo 1
- Není statin jako statin aneb praktický přehled rozdílů jednotlivých molekul
- Pregabalin je účinné léčivo s příznivým bezpečnostním profilem pro pacienty s neuropatickou bolestí
- Moje zkušenosti s Magnosolvem podávaným pacientům jako profylaxe migrény a u pacientů s diagnostikovanou spazmofilní tetanií i při normomagnezémii - MUDr. Dana Pecharová, neurolog
- Dávkování a správná titrace dávky pregabalinu
- Magnosolv a jeho využití v neurologii
Nejčtenější v tomto čísle
- Opoždění diagnózy HELLP syndromu
- Diagnostika a léčba akutní plicní embolie v roce 2010
- Obezita, body mass index, obvod pasu a mortalita
- Prípad vlajúceho infikovaného trombu v. jugularis interna, septických pneumónií a heparínom indukovanej trombocytopénie