Hypereosinophilia

Česká verze

Authors: J. Novotný
Authors place of work: Oddělení klinické hematologie, FN Brno
Published in the journal: Transfuze Hematol. dnes,27, 2021, No. 4, p. 278-282.
Category: Souhrnné/edukační práce
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/cctahd2021278

Summary

Hypereosinophilia (HE) and hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) represent very polymorphic syndromes often involving very difficult differential diagnosis. HES with serious end-organ damage must be treated promptly, especially in the presence of cardiac involvement. Parasitic infections are the most frequent cause of HE worldwide, yet they are rare in our latitudes. In developed countries, the main causes of HE include atopies (asthma, rhinitis, atopic dermatoses), drug reactions, autoagressive diseases and malignancies. In about 50% of patients with HES no specific cause is detected and these cases are termed idiopathic HES (iHES). High-dose corticosteroids represent the first-line therapy of severe HES, with promise being shown by biological treatments in the form of monoclonal antibodies (mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, alemtuzumab). Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKI) are indicated in HE with proven aberrant tyrosine-kinase activity. Chronic eosinophilic leukaemia – not otherwise specified (CEL-NOS) requires a specific approach. Progress in research may in the near future help elucidate the specific cause of some iHES.

Keywords:

therapy – hypereosinophilia – diagnosis – hypereosinophilic syndrome – chronic eosinophilic leukaemia

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