Aminoguanidin podávaný subchronicky intrahipokampálně zlepšuje u diabetických potkanů plnění úkolů pasivního vyhýbání a expresi genů z rodiny Bcl-2

English version

Autoři: M. Alipour ¹; A. Aminabadi ¹; M. Arab-Firouzjaei ²; B. Amini ¹; M. R. Jafari ¹
Působiště autorů: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zanjān University of Medical Sciences, Zanjān, Iran ¹; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ²
Vyšlo v časopise: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2017; 80/113(5): 584-590
Kategorie: Původní práce
doi: https://doi.org/10.14735/amcsnn2017584

Souhrn

Cíle:
Pozitivní vliv jednotlivých dávek aminoguanidinu (AG) podaných intrahipokampálně na postižení způsobená diabetem u experimentálního zvířecího modelu diabetu již byl popsán. Cílem této studie bylo zjistit účinky 7denního intrahipokampálního podávání injekcí AG na postižení paměti vyvolané diabetem a jeho roli v apoptóze.

Materiály a metodologie:
72 samců potkanů bylo rozděleno do 9 skupin: kontrolní, kontrolní léčená fyziologickým roztokem, kontrolní léčená AG 10, 30 a 90 μg/potkana, diabetici a diabetici léčení AG 10, 30 a 90 μg/potkana. Následně bylo měřeno zvládání pasivního vyhýbání a pomocí RT-PCR geny z rodiny Bcl-2.

Výsledky:
AG významně snížil kognitivní postižení (počet opakování do osvojení si, latence udržení u step-through testu a doba strávená v zatmaveném oddíle) u diabetických potkanů. Léčba AG navíc významně ovlivnila diabetem vyvolané změny v expresi Bax, Bcl-2 a Bcl-xl.

Závěry:
Sedmidenní intrahipokampální injekční aplikace AG může zlepšit zhoršený kognitivní výkon u diabetických potkanů zvýšením Bcl-2 nebo Bcl-xl a snížením poměrů Bax.

Klíčová slova:
diabetes mellitus – aminoguanidin – hipokampus – osvojení pasivního vyhýbání – rodina genů Bcl-2

Autoři deklarují, že v souvislosti s předmětem studie nemají žádné komerční zájmy.

Redakční rada potvrzuje, že rukopis práce splnil ICMJE kritéria pro publikace zasílané do biomedicínských časopisů.

Zdroje

1. Zhang Y, Ren C, Lu G, et al. Anti-diabetic effect of mulberry leaf polysaccharide by inhibiting pancreatic islet cell apoptosis and ameliorating insulin secretory capacity in diabetic rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2014;22(1):248– 57. doi: S1567-5769(14)00253-7.

2. Yasuda H, Terada M, Maeda K, et al. Diabetic neuropathy and nerve regeneration. Prog Neurobiol 2003;69(4):229– 85.

3. Edwards J, Vincent A, Cheng H, et al. Diabetic neuropathy: mechanisms to management. PharmacolTher 2008;120(1):1– 34.

4. Northam E, Anderson P, Jacobs R, et al. Neuropsychological profiles of children with type 1 diabetes 6 years after disease onset. Diabetes Care 2001;24(9):1541– 6.

5. Patil C, Singh V, Kulkarni S. Modulatory effect of sildenafil in diabetes and electroconvulsive shock-induced cognitive dysfunction in rats. Pharmacological Reports 2006;58(3):373– 80.

6. Fukui K, Omoi N, Hayasaka T, et al. Cognitive impairment of rats caused by oxidative stress and aging, and its prevention by vitamin E. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2002;959: 275– 84.

7. Hawkins C,Davies M. Generation and propagation of radical reactions on proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta 2001;1504(2– 3):196– 219.

8. Li ZG, Zhang W, Sima AA. C-peptide prevents hippo-campal apoptosis in type 1 diabetes. Int J Exp Diabetes Res 2002;3(4):241– 5.

9. Thornberry NA, Lazebnik Y. Caspases: enemies within. Science 1998;281(5381):1312– 6.

10. Kroemer G. The proto-oncogene Bcl-2 and its role in regulating apoptosis. Nat Med 1997;3(6):614– 20.

11. Chan A, Cheung M, Law S, et al. Phase II study of alpha-tocopherol in improving the cognitive function of patients with temporal lobe radionecrosis. Cancer 2004;100(2):398– 404.

12. Yagihashi S, Kamijo M, Baba M, et al. Effect of aminoguanidine on functional and structural abnormalities in peripheral nerve of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes 1992;41(1):47– 52.

13. Sun M, Zhao Y, Gu Y, et al. Neuroprotective actions of aminoguanidine involve reduced the activation of calpain and caspase-3 in a rat model of stroke. Neurochem Int 2010;56(4):634– 41. doi: 10.1016/ j.neuint.2010.01.009.

14. Vakili A, Zahedi-Khorasani M. Effect of aminoguanidine on post-ischemic damage in rodent model of stroke. Pak J Pharm Sci 2008;21(1):24– 8.

15. Liu H, Chen JP, Zhang WQ. [Inducible nitric oxide synthase induces beta-amyloid neurotoxicity in vivo]. Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi 2002;18(4):329– 32.

16. Maratha SR, Mahadevan N. Memory enhancing activity of naringin in unstressed and stressed mice: possible cholinergic and nitriergic modulation. Neurochem Res 2012;37(10):2206– 12. doi: 10.1007/ s11064-012-0844-8.

17. Sharma B, Sharma PM. Arsenic toxicity induced endothelial dysfunction and dementia: pharmacological interdiction by histone deacetylase and inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013;273(1):180– 8. doi: 10.1016/ j.taap.2013.07.017.

18. Udayabanu M, Kumaran D, Nair RU, et al. Nitric oxide associated with iNOS expression inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity and induces memory impairment during acute hypobaric hypoxia. Brain Res 2008;1230:138– 49.

19. Stevanovic ID, Jovanovic MD, Colic M, et al. Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors protect cholinergic neurons against AlCl3 excitotoxicity in the rat brain. Brain Res Bull 2010;81(6):641– 6. doi: S0361-9230(10)00006-7.

20. Javadi-Paydar M, Rayatnia F, Fakhraei N, et al.Atorvastatin improved scopolamine-induced impairment in memory acquisition in mice: involvement of nitric oxide. Brain Res 2011;1386:89– 99.

21. Rayatnia F, Javadi-Paydar M, Allami N, et al. Nitric oxide involvement in consolidation, but not retrieval phase of cognitive performance enhanced by atorvastatin in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2011;666:1– 3):122– 30. doi: S0014-2999(11)00547-4.

22. Babaei R, Javadi-Paydar M, Sharifian M, et al. Involvement of nitric oxide in pioglitazone memory improvement in morphine-induced memory impaired mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2012;103(2):313-21. doi: S0091-3057(12)00239-0.

23. Javadi-Paydar M, Zakeri M, Norouzi A, et al. Involvement of nitric oxide in granisetron improving effect on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice. Brain Res 2012;1429:61– 71. doi: S0006-8993(11)01442-9.

24. Arab Firouzjaei M, Jafari MR, Eskandari M, et al. Aminoguanidine Changes Hippocampal Expression of Apoptosis-Related Genes, Improves Passive Avoid-ance Learning and Memory in Streptozotocin-InducedDiabetic Rats. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology 2014; 34(3):343– 50.

25. Alipour M, Amini B, Adineh F, et al. Effect of sub-chronic intraperitoneal administration of aminoguanidine on the memory and hippocampal apoptosis-related genes in diabetic rats. Bratisl Lek Listy 2016;117(8): 472– 9.

26. Bondan EF, Martins Mde F,Bernardi MM. Propentofylline reverses delayed remyelination in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Arch Endocrinol Metab 2015;59(1):47– 53. doi: S2359-39972015000100047.

27. Rezayof A, Razavi S, Haeri-Rohani A, et al. GABA(A) receptors of hippocampal CA1 regions are involved in the acquisition and expression of morphine-induced place preference. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2007;17(1):24– 31. doi: 10.1016/ j.euroneuro.2006.02.003.

28. Lashgari R, Motamedi F, Zahedi Asl S, et al. Behav-ioral and electrophysiological studies of chronic oral administration of L-type calcium channel blocker verapamil on learning and memory in rats. Behav Brain Res 2006;171(2):324– 8. doi: 10.1016/ j.bbr.2006.04.013.

29. Casamenti F, Di Patre PL, Bartolini L, et al. Unilateral and bilateral nucleus basalis lesions: differences in neurochemical and behavioural recovery. Neuroscience 1988;24(1):209– 15.

30. Yamada K, Komori Y, Tanaka T, et al. Brain dysfunction associated with an induction of nitric oxide synthase following an intracerebral injection of lipopolysaccharide in rats. Neuroscience 1999;88(1):281– 94.

31. Guerci B, Bohme P, Kearney-Schwartz A, et al. Endothelial dysfunction and type 2 diabetes. Part 2: altered endothelial function and the effects of treatments in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab 2001;27(4 Pt 1):436– 47.

32. Nordberg J, Arner ES. Reactive oxygen species, antioxidants, and the mammalian thioredoxin system. Free Radic Biol Med 2001;31(11):1287– 312.

33. Scaccini C, Chiesa G, Jialal I. A critical assessment of the effects of aminoguanidine and ascorbate on the oxidative modification of LDL: evidence for interference with some assays of lipoprotein oxidation by aminoguanidine. J Lipid Res 1994;35(6):1085– 92.

34. Burcham PC, Kaminskas LM, Fontaine FR, et al. Aldehyde-sequestering drugs: tools for studying protein damage by lipid peroxidation products. Toxicology 2002:181– 2.

35. Jedidi I, Therond P, Zarev S, et al. Paradoxical pro-tective effect of aminoguanidine toward low-densitylipoprotein oxidation: inhibition of apolipoprotein Bfragmentation without preventing its carbonylation. Mechanism of action of aminoguanidine. Biochemistry 2003;42(38):11356– 65. doi: 10.1021/bi034539w.

36. Nilsson BO. Biological effects of aminoguanidine: an update. Inflamm Res 1999;48(10):509– 15.

37. Ates O, Cayli SR, Yucel N, et al. Central nervous system protection by resveratrol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Clin Neurosci 2007;14(3):256– 60.

38. Celik S, Erdogan S. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) protects brain against oxidative stress and inflammation induced by diabetes in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2008;312(1– 2):39– 46. doi: 10.1007/ s11010-008-9719-3.

39. Hao W, Wu XQ, Xu RT. The molecular mechanism of aminoguanidine-mediated reduction on the brain edema after surgical brain injury in rats. Brain Res 2009;1282:156– 61. doi: 10.1016/ j.brainres.2009.05.041.

40. Yildiz G, Demiryurek AT, Sahin-Erdemli I, et al. Comparison of antioxidant activities of aminoguanidine, methylguanidine and guanidine by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. Br J Pharmacol 1998;124(5):905– 10. doi: 10.1038/ sj.bjp.0701924.

41. Ivanova S, Botchkina GI, Al-Abed Y, et al. Cerebral ischemia enhances polyamine oxidation: identification of enzymatically formed 3-aminopropanal as an endogenous mediator of neuronal and glial cell death. J Exp Med 1998;188(2):327– 40.

42. Phillips SA, Thornalley PJ. Formation of methylglyoxal and D-lactate in human red blood cells in vitro. Biochem Soc Trans 1993;21(2):163S.

43. Di Loreto S, Caracciolo V, Colafarina S, et al. Methylglyoxal induces oxidative stress-dependent cell injury and up-regulation of interleukin-1beta and nerve growth factor in cultured hippocampal neuronal cells. Brain Res 2004;1006(2):157– 67. doi: 10.1016/ j.brainres.2004.01.066.

44. Di Loreto S, Zimmitti V, Sebastiani P, et al. Methylglyoxal causes strong weakening of detoxifying capacity and apoptotic cell death in rat hippocampal neurons. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2008;40(2):245– 57.

45. Huang X, Wang F, Chen W, et al. Possible link between the cognitive dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus and the neurotoxicity of methylglyoxal. Brain Res 2012;1469:82– 91.

46. Yu PH, Zuo DM. Aminoguanidine inhibits semi-carbazide-sensitive amine oxidase activity: implicat-ions for advanced glycation and diabetic complications.Diabetologia 1997;40(11):1243– 50. doi: 10.1007/ s001250050816.

47. Thornalley PJ. The glyoxalase system in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 1993;14(4):287– 371. 48. Li Z, Zhang W, Grunberger G, et al. Hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in type 1 diabetes. Brain Res 2002;946(2):221– 31.

49. Li Z, Sima A. C-peptide and central nervous system complications in diabetes. Exp Diabesity Res 2004;5(1):79– 90.

50. Duchen MR. Mitochondria in health and disease: perspectives on a new mitochondrial biology. Mol Aspects Med 2004;25(4):365– 451. doi: 10.1016/ j.mam.2004.03.001.

51. Li ZG, Zhang W, Grunberger G, et al. Hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in type 1 diabetes. Brain Res 2002;946(2):221– 31.

52. Choi BM, Pae HO, Jang SI, et al. Nitric oxide as a pro-apoptotic as well as anti-apoptotic modulator. J Biochem Mol Biol 2002;35(1):116– 26.

53. Moncada S, Bolanos JP. Nitric oxide, cell bioenergetics and neurodegeneration. J Neurochem 2006;97(6):1676– 89.

54. Green DR, Reed JC. Mitochondria and apoptosis. Science 1998;281(5381):1309– 12.

55. Friedlander RM. Apoptosis and caspases in neuro-degenerative diseases. N Engl J Med 2003;348(14):1365– 75. doi: 10.1056/ NEJMra022366

56. Srinivasan S, Stevens M, Wiley J. evidence for apoptosis and associated mitochondrial dysfunction. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy 2000; 49:1932– 38.