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News Relationship Between Mortality and Use of Statins or RAAS Inhibitors After Aortic Valve Replacement
The impact of prescribed medication after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has not been precisely assessed to date. A recently published retrospective analysis of clinical practice data from patients who underwent TAVR aimed to assess the potential benefit of using statins and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors.
News Which Dietary Recommendations Actually Work for Irritable Bowel Syndrome?
Food is both a trigger for symptoms and a treatment tool for individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). A 2021 review summarizes the results of the latest research on the effectiveness of dietary measures for IBS and the evidence of which measures are truly beneficial. A positive impact was found for general healthy eating recommendations, soluble fiber supplementation, a low short-chain carbohydrate diet, and probiotic administration.
News Current Approaches to COPD Therapy According to GOLD Recommendations and in the Conditions of Czech Practice
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) represents a significant global cause of morbidity and mortality with a high prevalence that is expected to increase significantly in the coming years. Since it is a preventable and treatable disease, active therapy, which is globally guided by international recommendations based on the GOLD strategy, plays an important role. However, in the following article, we will also place these recommendations in the current context of care for these patients in the Czech Republic.
News XR vs. IR Form of Metformin − It’s Not Just About Gastrointestinal Tolerability
It is well known that the XR form of metformin shows better gastrointestinal tolerability. However, research suggests that the two forms of metformin − XR and IR − differ in other aspects as well. In what ways? We will attempt to summarize this in the following text.
News Recommendations for the diagnosis of ITP in adults and children according to ASH guidelines
The American Society of Hematology (ASH) guidelines from 2019 highlighted several important aspects in the diagnosis and treatment of ITP that have remained unchanged from the 2011 guidelines.
News Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins in Thromboprophylaxis After Major Orthopedic and Traumatological Procedures According to Current Recommendations
Patients after major orthopedic and traumatological procedures are at high risk of thromboembolic disease. This is especially true for people undergoing hip and knee replacement or patients with a proximal femur fracture and severe lower limb injury. The routine implementation of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis, such as low-molecular-weight heparins, is currently the gold standard in perioperative care in these cases.
News Angiodysplasia as a Serious Problem in Patients with von Willebrand Disease − Case Study
Bleeding into the gastrointestinal tract can become a very significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with von Willebrand disease (vWD). It has been described that gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding associated with angiodysplasia is more common in individuals with vWD compared to other causes. Evidence suggests that von Willebrand factor (vWF) is associated with the regulation of angiogenesis, and its deficiency increases the risk of angiodysplasia. It is also known that this type of bleeding is difficult to treat because it is associated with recurrences. The following case study also very well illustrates and summarizes this issue.
News Prediction of DM2 and CVD Development Risk Based on Lipidomic Risk Determination
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is strongly influenced by lifestyle and diet. Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and elevated blood glucose are often detectable before the full development of disease symptoms. Similarly, changes in the representation of other less noticeable markers—plasma lipids—can also be detected.
News Romosozumab vs. Teriparatide in Sequential Treatment of Osteoporosis in Women with a History of Fracture
The STRUCTURE study observed the effect of romosozumab and teriparatide on bone density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis transitioning from bisphosphonate treatment over a 12-month period.
News Generic Substitution of Levothyroxine in Practice
The active ingredient levothyroxine is found in a significant number of medicinal products (MP) in the Czech Republic. The question of its generic substitution remains current, primarily because the previously published data tend to call for caution due to possible adverse effects on the patient.
News One Step Closer to Understanding the Placebo Effect in Pain Treatment
Neuroscientists from the USA appear to have advanced our understanding of the placebo effect in pain relief. Their findings, recently published in Nature, open the possibility of influencing the described pain control pathway using drugs or neurostimulation.
News Allergic Rhinitis in the General Practitioner’s Office: How to Proceed in Primary Care?
Up to 60% of the population has a genetic predisposition to allergic disease. Diagnosis and therapy of allergic conditions are therefore very common topics in primary care. How should we proceed correctly in the diagnostic process when suspecting allergic rhinitis? When to refer to a specialist and what are the treatment options?
News Effectiveness of Tofacitinib in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in Real-World Clinical Practice
One of the new modalities for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is tofacitinib. Its effectiveness has already been demonstrated in clinical studies and is now being proven in real-world clinical practice, where we can evaluate the results of patients who could not be included in clinical trials or those with refractory disease.
News Hope Awakens with Early Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease Based on Skin Odor
According to scientists from the United Kingdom, a simple test based on an individual's skin odor could aid the early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. A study has already been launched to investigate the chemicals secreted by the skin of patients with Parkinson's disease.
News Stabilization of Liver Metastases of CRC with Trifluridine/Tipiracil in 3rd Line Therapy – Case Study
We present a case study of a man born in 1944 who underwent resection of the rectosigmoid for multiple adenocarcinomas in February 2016. Subsequently discovered liver metastases were managed with several lines of palliative therapy in combination with repeated surgical resections. Trifluridine/tipiracil administered in the 3rd line represents a well-tolerated oral treatment for this patient, on which he achieved disease stabilization.
News Post-COVID Depression: How Can a General Practitioner Help?
Psychiatrists confirm that mental health plays an increasingly important role in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although exact data will only be available over time, as the impacts in this regard will undoubtedly be long-term, it is already necessary to recognize the correlations between the psyche, the pathophysiology of COVID-19, and the pandemic state of society. What should we be prepared for in the general practitioner's office in this regard, and what therapy is a suitable choice?
News Study COPDGene Redefines Diagnostic Criteria of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ranks among the top causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current diagnostic criteria for the disease are based exclusively on spirometric examination. Increasing evidence, however, suggests that a significant number of patients show signs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease without pathological findings on spirometry. The analysis of the COPDGene study thus proposes expanding the diagnostic criteria to include additional parameters.
News Mechanism of Action of Venopharmaceuticals and Their Use in the Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency
Venopharmaceuticals are the cornerstone of conservative treatment for chronic venous insufficiency (CVD). Their mechanism of action is complex and not yet fully understood. They act on both micro- and macrocirculation, influence the tone of the venous wall, and their anti-inflammatory action is also significant.
News Treatment with Dupilumab in Severe Corticosteroid-Dependent Bronchial Asthma – A Case Study
We present the case of a 36-year-old woman with severe corticosteroid-dependent asthma with numerous comorbidities and complications due to long-term systemic corticosteroid therapy. Significant improvements in quality of life, asthma control, regression of skin changes in atopic dermatitis, and reduction in methylprednisolone consumption for this patient were only achieved after the initiation of biological treatment. Dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody against the α subunit of the receptor for interleukins IL-4 and IL-13, which is approved for the treatment of severe refractory eosinophilic bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, was indicated in her treatment.
News Pain Management After Day Surgery
Effective pain control is a crucial part of recovery for patients after painful surgical procedures. In clinical practice, combined analgesia using paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is commonly utilized, which, however, is not suitable for up to a quarter of patients. An alternative could be metamizole. A study published in the European Journal of Anaesthesiology evaluated the non-inferiority of the combination of paracetamol/metamizole versus paracetamol/ibuprofen in pain management for patients after day surgery.
News Pharmacotherapy of Chronic Heart Failure with Reduced EF LV - Latest ESC Recommendations
The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) issued an update in 2021 for the diagnosis and treatment of heart failure. We summarize the essential points regarding the pharmacotherapy of chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.