Process of age-related decline of brain function among non-smokers and smokers

Czech version

Authors: D. Hrubá; A. Peřina
Authors‘ workplace: Přednostka: prof. MUDr. Zuzana Derflerová Brázdová, DrSc. ; Lékařská fakulta ; Ústav ochrany a podpory zdraví ; Masarykova univerzita, Brno
Published in: Prakt. Lék. 2016; 96(1): 9-13
Category: Reviews

Overview

Cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and various forms of cancer are strongly associated with smoking. Now there is substantial epidemiologic evidence that smoking is also associated with impairment of brain functions (reduce of cognitive performances) as well as with some severe psychiatric morbidity, especially Alzheimer’s disease and senile dementia. These symptoms and diseases are prevalent more often among smokers; their onset is in earlier age, even in middle age, and more rapid progression. Many clinical and experimental studies described the probable mechanisms of smoking influence: hypoxemia, free radicals, role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), neurotoxicity for neurons and reduced thickness of brain cortex.

Health consequences of neurotoxic influence of smoking are raising health and socioeconomic problem, especially due to demographic ageing. Primary prevention of smoking and smoking cessation is the most effective methods for healthier elderly.

Keywords:
smoking – memory – cognition – Alzheimer disease – mechanisms of pathogenesis

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2016 Issue 1