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News Does Sacubitril/Valsartan Prevent Myocardial Remodeling in Heart Failure Patients with Type 2 Diabetes?
The PROVE-HF study demonstrated reverse myocardial remodeling in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. About 30–50% of heart failure patients have type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The subject of a post hoc analysis of the PROVE-HF study was to find out whether this benefit of sacubitril/valsartan can be expected in patients with DM2 as well.
News Weight-Based Enoxaparin Dosing vs. Standard Dosing in Trauma Patients
Thromboembolic disease is a common comorbidity in adult trauma patients, thus making routine thromboprophylaxis appropriate for these patients, most often in the form of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH). Standard thromboprophylaxis dosing regimens, however, are often associated with insufficient anti-Xa activity levels. A recently published clinical study by researchers from New York University focused on comparing the standard thromboprophylaxis regimen of enoxaparin with a weight-based dosing regimen in adult trauma patients.
News Impact of Primary Tumor Location and Early Regression on Survival in Patients with Metastatic CRC
Results from recent clinical studies suggest the prognostic significance of the primary tumor location on the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). A retrospective analysis of data from a single-arm open-label phase II clinical trial evaluated the impact of primary tumor location and its early regression (ETS - early tumor shrinkage) on the survival of patients with mCRC who received a combination of chemotherapy (FOLFIRI regimen) and targeted biological therapy (panitumumab).
News Virtual Echocardiography as a Potential Screening Tool for the Diagnosis of Primary Pulmonary Hypertension
Primary pulmonary hypertension disease is associated with a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis and the implementation of specific therapy are necessary to improve patients' prospects. In the near future, virtual echocardiography, which has shown good results in published studies, may become a valuable screening tool.
News Tool for Predicting Cardiometabolic Risk in Young Patients with Psychotic Disorder
A study describing the development and validation of an algorithm for predicting cardiometabolic risk in patients with psychotic disorder, PsyMetRiC (Psychosis Metabolic Risk Calculator), was recently published in Lancet Psychiatry. British scientists have created a tool to estimate the risk of developing metabolic syndrome over the next 6 years, serving as a predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in young people with psychosis aged 16–35 years.
News COVID-19 and MS: Do You Know the Risk Factors? What the American Registry Analysis Showed
An article published in the March issue of the prestigious journal JAMA Neurology summarizes the findings of an analysis of the course of COVID-19 in patients with multiple sclerosis in North America. Which patients are at greater risk of severe infection?
News Current ASH Guidelines for Management of ITP 2019 − Recommendations for Newly Diagnosed ITP in Adults
The American Society of Hematology (ASH) published current guidelines for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) at the end of 2019, where a panel of experts attempted to define evidence-based recommendations for the management of these patients.
News With Dr. Miroslav Nečas, Ph.D., on the conclusions of the recent consensus of the expert panel on the practice of biological treatment of psoriasis
This February, an expert consensus on the use of bimekizumab in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) was published based on a literature review of 102 articles, from which 19 relevant publications were selected. A panel of 9 dermatologists then voted to accept 14 consensus statements and recommendations, 12 of which received an 'A' grade, one a 'B' grade, and one a 'C' grade. We discuss key conclusions and recommendations with Dr. Miroslav Nečas, Ph.D., from the 1st Department of Dermatovenereology at MU and St. Anne's Faculty Hospital in Brno.
News The World of Viruses is Constantly Evolving and Bringing Us New Surprises
The last decade has been marked by the emergence of new, as well as re-emerging human pathogens responsible for various infectious diseases. Viruses, especially those of zoonotic origin that originate in the wild, are demanding significant attention—and rightly so. This group of viruses currently accounts for 70% of infectious diseases in the human population, with many using animal organisms as vectors (e.g., ticks, mosquitoes) to transport and infect the human body. Human-vector interactions are becoming increasingly common, particularly due to ongoing urbanization, encroachment into previously uninhabited areas, population migration, increasing travel, shrinking distances, and climate change. In the following text, we will look at some specific examples.
News Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir reduces the risk of hospitalization for COVID-19 even in the era of predominant omicron subvariants BA.4 and BA.5
One of the first studies to evaluate the efficacy of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection during the period of predominant omicron variants including subvariants BA.4 and BA.5 has provided real-world data confirming the position of this antiviral in the first line of treatment for patients with mild to moderately severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and a high risk of severe disease.
News Monocyte Distribution Width as an Early Indicator of Sepsis in ICU Patients
Authors of a Franco-Spanish study propose using the monocyte distribution width along with leukocyte count as a screening test to refine the early diagnosis of sepsis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients based on their research findings.
News 6 Years Follow-Up of Patients with Breast Cancer in the APHINITY Study
The primary analysis of results from the APHINITY clinical trial supported the combined anti-HER2 treatment with trastuzumab and pertuzumab in combination with chemotherapy in patients with early HER2-positive breast cancer. At the end of last year, efficacy and safety results of this treatment after more than 6 years of follow-up were presented.
News Valproate for Acute Mania: Is Practice Really Evidence-Based and Recommended?
Authors from the University of Western Ontario conducted an audit in an acute psychiatric intake unit to determine whether the prescription of valproate there corresponded to evidence-based recommendations.
News Chemoimmunotherapy in the Treatment of Breast Cancer − Final Results of the IMpassion130 Study
According to international recommendations, treatment with the immune checkpoint inhibitor atezolizumab in combination with the cytostatic nab-paclitaxel is used for patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer where PD-L1 protein expression is detected on the surface of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (IC). The final results regarding overall survival and long-term safety of this treatment in patients who participated in the registration study IMpassion130 were presented at this year's European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) congress, which was held virtually due to circumstances.
News COPD is Treated Differently Across Europe – What Could Be the Reasons for This Variability?
As part of this year's Hradec Pneumological Days (HPD 2022), the head of the Pulmonary Clinic at Charles University Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Assoc. Prof. Vladimír Koblížek, M.D., Ph.D., reflected on the different rates of prescription of mucoactive drugs to COPD patients in various European countries. According to him, it is clear that in real practice, this treatment works. So what is the reason for its varying prescription across the old continent?
News Benefit of Adding Erdosteine to Maintenance Treatment of COPD
Erdosteine is a mucoactive drug with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-adhesive effects against bacteria, commonly used in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In August 2022, another post-hoc analysis of the RESTORE study was published, evaluating the impact of its addition to COPD maintenance treatment on the incidence and severity of exacerbations and quality of life in patients with GOLD2 and GOLD3 grade bronchial obstruction.
News Clinical Results of the Pinnacle Acetabular System: Data from the UK Joint Replacement Registry
The Pinnacle Acetabular System has been available on the market for nearly two decades. Since then, it has been implanted in numerous healthcare facilities worldwide. Clinical outcomes of the acetabular system were evaluated by analyzing data from the National Joint Replacement Registry of England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and the Isle of Man.
News Improvement in social functioning of patients with schizophrenia during treatment with lurasidone
A beneficial impact on social functioning is an important outcome of schizophrenia treatment. A recently published Japanese study is the first to demonstrate the efficacy of lurasidone compared to placebo on the social functioning of patients with schizophrenia. The results are comparable to other atypical antipsychotics.
News Thinking About Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis?
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of the most prognostically severe and difficult-to-treat lung diseases. It affects about 5 million people worldwide, with an estimated incidence in the Czech Republic of 1/100,000 inhabitants. Although it is a relatively rare disease, due to its high mortality rate (the median survival of untreated patients is 2−3 years), it is essential to have a basic awareness of the possible symptoms of IPF. Expert sources even state that, according to statistics, only pancreatic cancer leads to a faster death compared to untreated pulmonary fibrosis.
News According to which parameters can we best assess the quality of incontinence aids?
Properly chosen incontinence aid significantly influences the user's quality of life. When selecting incontinence aids, it is very important to consider their individual properties and parameters. While in European countries the absorbency of the aid is mainly assessed alongside the product's size and the user's gender, other parameters are evaluated elsewhere in the world. So what should we primarily focus on when choosing an aid?
News Good news for sleep in patients with axial spondyloarthritis – ixekizumab effectively reduces night-time back pain
The targeted treatment of axial spondyloarthritis currently relies on the anti-inflammatory effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, interleukin IL-17 inhibitors, and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. Besides the objective efficacy of these targeted treatments, it is crucial to describe their influence on subjective symptoms for decision-making in clinical practice. The evaluation of the analgesic effect of ixekizumab (IXE) was provided by the randomized controlled trial COAST-V.
News Principle of Slowed Wound Healing Due to Stress Revealed
There is no doubt that psychological stress significantly slows down the process of healing wounds. The principle of how this phenomenon occurs, however, has remained unexplained. Swiss scientists focused on macrophages. Their function is to remove pathogens from the healing wound.
News Effectiveness of Arginine in Tooth Cleaning Proven (Not Only) by Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence
There is no doubt about the benefits of toothpaste in daily dental care. Today, there are numerous studies proving that brushing without toothpaste does not have the same effectiveness as brushing with toothpaste. It is more effective and, thanks to active ingredients, can slow down or even reverse the development of tooth decay.
News First Effective Pharmacotherapy Modality for Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia significantly limit the quality of life and overall functioning of the patient. However, there have been no suitable medications to effectively suppress these symptoms until now. This is expected to change with the introduction of cariprazine into the antipsychotic armamentarium, as suggested by promising results from an analysis published last year in the journal European Psychiatry.