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proLékaře.cz / Journals / Diabetes and obesity / 2019 - 38

Gut microbiome in children and risk of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus

Czech version

Authors: Uboš Ambro 1;  Anna Kamlárová 1;  René Link 1;  Ivana Lukáčová 1;  Alojz Bo 1;  Oliver Rácz 2
Authors‘ workplace: Ústav experimentálnej medicíny LF UPJŠ v Košiciach 1;  Ústav patologickej fyziológie LF UPJŠ v Košiciach 2
Published in: Diab Obez 2019; 19(38): 75-83
Category: Reviews

Overview

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that is caused by exogenous and endogenous factors. The development of T1DM is largely related to the genes of the MHC system, which are responsible for the recognition of self and foreign antigens. The incidence of T1DM increases every year and environmental factors affecting the immune system are thought to be responsible for this trend. However the current knowledge of the factors that pose an increased risk of T1DM manifestation is still insufficient to explain the pathogenesis of the disease satisfactorily. In addition, it is known that most people with high-risk haplotypes will eventually never become ill with T1DM. Recent studies suggest that human intestinal microbiome may also play an important role in the development of T1DM. It has been proven that reduction of intestinal microbial diversity occurs in prediabetic children. It is also believed that dietary modulation of intestinal microbiome in early childhood may affect the later development of the disease.

Keywords:

autoimmune disease – intestinal microbiome – nutrition – type 1 diabetes mellitus

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