Vaccination against Tuberculosis
Authors:
J. Wallenfels
Authors‘ workplace:
Národní jednotka dohledu nad tuberkulózou, FN Na Bulovce, Praha
vedoucí MUDr. J. Wallenfels
Published in:
Čes-slov Pediat 2009; 64 (2): 69-76.
Category:
Postgraduate Education
Overview
According to the World Health Organization there are more than 9 million new cases of tuberculosis each year and 1.7 million people die from tuberculosis in the world. Tuberculosis incidence is falling in most developed countries including the Czech Republic, but stagnating globally. The control of tuberculosis lies in prevention (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination and chemoprophylaxis) and especially in finding and treatment of the patients.
The aim of this paper is to inform readers about the history of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin use in the world and in the Czech Republic, about composition of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine and about difficulties with measuring efficacy and impact of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination on tuberculosis morbidity. Adverse reactions are listed. Graphical overview of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination in Europe is presented. The author is suggesting in line with the World Health Organization‘s recommendation to cancel Bacillus Calmette-Guérin revaccination in the Czech Republic.
Key words:
BCG vaccination, epidemiological situation, tuberculosis
Sources
1. Al-Kassimi FA, Al-Hajjaj MS, Al-Orainey IO, et al. Does the protective effect of neonatal BCG correlate with vaccine-induced tuberculin reaction? Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 1995;152: 1575–1578.
2. BCG vaccination. In Tuberculosis. Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Tuberculosis, and Measures for Its Prevention and Control. National Collaborating Centre for Chronic Conditions. London: Royal College of Physicians, 2006.
3. Bjartveit K, Waaler H. Some evidence of the efficacy of mass BCG vaccination. Bull. WHO 1965;33: 289–319.
4. British Thoracic Association. Effectiveness of BCG vaccination in Great Britain in 1978. Br. J. Dis. Chest 1980;74: 215–227.
5. Brosman SA. Carcinoma in Situ of the Urinary Bladder. http://www.emedicine.com/med/topic3022.htm.
6. CDC. Controlling Tuberculosis in the United States. Recommendations from the American Thoracic Society, CDC, and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. MMWR. Recommendations and Reports 2005;54(RR12): 1–81.
7. Colditz GA, Berkey CS, Mosteller F, et al. The efficacy of Bacillus Calmette Guerin vaccination of newborns and infants in the prevention of tuberculosis: meta-analysis of the published literature. Pediatrics 1995;96: 29–35.
8. Comstock GW, Palmer CE. Long-term results of BCG vaccination in the southern United States. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 1966; 93(2): 171–183.
9. Connelly Smith K, Starke JR. Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine. In Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA (eds). Vaccines. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co., 1999: 111–139.
10. Criteria for discontinuation of vaccination programmes using Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in countries with a low prevalence of tuberculosis: a statement of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. Tubercle and Lung Disease 1994;75(3): 179–180.
11. Daňková D, Trnka L, Švandová E. Projekt přerušení BCG vakcinace novorozenců na vybraném území České republiky. Souhrnná zpráva za roky 1986–1993. Stud. Pneumol. Phtiseol. 1995;55(4): 281–292.
12. ECDC. Vaccines and immunization – V and I Newsletter. www.ecdc.eu.int.
13. Edwards LB, Palmer CE, Magnus K. BCG vaccination: Studies by the WHO Tuberculosis Research Office, Copenhagen. Geneva: WHO, 1953: 1–307.
14. EuroTB and the national coordinators for tuberculosis surveillance in the WHO European Region. Surveillance of tuberculosis in Europe. Report on tuberculosis cases notified in 2006, Institut de veille sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France. March 2008.
15. EUVAC.NET. A Surveillance Community Network for Vaccine Preventable Infectious Diseases. Vaccination schedules. www.euvac.net.
16. Fine P, Carneiro I, Milstien J, et al. Issues relating to the use of BCG in immunization programmes. A discussion document. Geneva: WHO. Department of Vaccines and Biologicals, 1999 (WHO/VB/99.23).
17. Global tuberculosis control: surveillance, planing, financing. WHO report 2008. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO/HTM/TB/2008.393).
18. Hart PD, Surtherland I, Thomas J. The immunity conferred by effective BCG and vole bacillus vaccines, in relation to individual variations in induced tuberculin sensitivity and to technical variations in the vaccines. Tubercle 1967;48: 201–210.
19. Hart PD, Sutherland I. BCG and vole bacillus vaccines in the prevention of tuberculosis in adolescence and adult life. Final report to the Medical Research council. BMJ 1977;2: 293–295.
20. Homolka J, Votava V. Tuberkulóza. Praha: Karolinum, 2003: 1–80.
21. Infuso A, Falzon D. European survey of BCG vaccination policies and surveillance in children, 2005. Euro Surveill. 2006;11(3): 6–11.
22. Karonga Prevention Trial Group. Randomised controlled trial of single BCG, repeated BCG, or combined BCG and killed Mycobacterium leprae vaccine for prevention of leprosy and tuberculosis in Malawi. Lancet 1996;348: 17–24.
23. Kos S, Nykodýmová P, Balý J, výbor ČPFS. Stanovisko České pneumologické a ftizeologické společnosti ČLS JEP k současné situaci BCG vakcinace v České republice. www.pneumologie.cz.
24. Křepela K, Nykodýmová P, Kos S. Stanovisko k nárůstu komplikací po BCG vakcinaci v České republice. Neonatologické Listy 2005;11(2): 28-29.
25. Lugosi L. Theoretical and methodological aspects of BCG vaccine from the discovery of Calmette and Guerin to molecular biology: a review. Tuberc. Lung Dis. 1992;73: 252–261.
26. Medical Research Council. BCG and vole bacillus vaccines in the prevention of tuberculosis in adolescence and early life. Bull. WHO 1972;46: 371–385.
27. Menzies D. What does tuberculin reactivity after Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination tell us? Clin. Infect. Dis. 2000;31(Suppl 3): S71–74.
28. Mori T. The new Tuberculosis Control Program of Japan. Kansenshogaku Zasshi 2006;80(4): 345–352 (článek v japonštině).
29. Packe GE, Innes JA. Protective effect of BCG vaccination in infant Asians: a case control study. Arch. Dis. Child. 1988;63(3): 277–281.
30. Palmer CE, Shaw LW, Comstock GW. Community trials of BCG vaccination. American Review of Tuberculosis and Pulmonary Diseases 1958;77(6): 877–907.
31. Putrali J, Sutrisna B, Rahayoe N. A case-control study of the effectiveness of BCG vaccination in children in Jakarta, Indonesia. Proceeding I of the Eastern Regional Tuberculosis Conference of IUAT, 1983, Jakarta, Indonesia 1983;194–200.
32. Raška K, Radkovský J. Rozbor epidemiologické situace tuberkulosy. In Kolektiv autorů. Tuberkulosa. Současný stav a perspektivy boje proti tbc v ČSR. Praha: Státní zdravotnické nakladatelství, 1959: 42–90.
33. Rodrigues LC, Diwan VK, Wheeler JG. Protective effect of BCG against tuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis. Int. J. Epidemiol. 1993;22: 1154–1158.
34. Romanus V, Hollander HO, Wahlen P, et al. Atypical mycobacteria in extrapulmonary disease among children. Incidence in Sweden from 1969 to 1990, related to changing BCG coverage. Tubercle and Lung Disease 1995;76: 300–310.
35. Sepulveda RL, Parcha C, Sorensen RU. Case-control study of the efficacy of BCG immunization against pulmonary tuberculosis in young adults in Santiago, Chile. Tubercle and Lung Disease 1992;73: 372–377.
36. Shapiro C, Cook N, Evans D, et al. A case control study of BCG and childhood tuberculosis in Cali, Columbia. Int. J. Epidemiol. 1985;14: 441–446.
37. Smith PG, Revill WDL, Lukwago E, et al. The protective effect of BCG against Mycobacterium ulcerans disease: a controlled trial in an endemic area of Uganda. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1976;70: 449–457.
38. Souhrn SPC: 58227 BCG VACCINE SSI INJ SIC 10X10DÁV+SO SST DK R.
39. Stanley SJ, Howland C, Stone MM, et al. BCG vaccination of children against leprosy in Uganda: final results. J. Hyg. (Camb). 1981;87: 235–248.
40. Sutherland I, Lindgren I. The protective effect of BCG vaccination as indicated by autopsy studies. Tubercle 1979;60: 225–231.
41. Sutherland I, Springett VH. Effectiveness of BCG vaccination in England and Wales in 1983. Tubercle 1987;68: 81–92.
42. Tala-Heikkila MM, Tuominen JE, Tala EO. J. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin revaccination questionable with low tuberculosis incidence. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1998;157: 1324–1327.
43. Temperature Sensitivity of Vaccines: Geneva: WHO. Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, 2006 (WHO/IVB/06.10).
44. Trial of BCG vaccines in south India for tuberculosis prevention: first report – Tuberculosis Prevention Trial. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 1979;57(5): 819–827.
45. Tripathy SP. Fifteen-year follow-up of the Indian BCG prevention trial. Bull. Int. Union Tuberc. Lung Dis. 1987;62: 69–72.
46. Trnka L, Daňková D. Kontrola a dohled nad tuberkulózou v České republice. Kodex TB kontroly pro praxi pro rok 2001. Bull. ČPFS 2001;11(1): 12–15.
47. Ústav zdravotnických informací a statistiky ČR. Zdravotnická statistika. Tuberkulóza a respirační nemoci 200x. Praha: ÚZIS ČR, 200x.
48. Vyhláška ministra zdravotnictví č. 390/1952 Ú. l., o očkování proti přenosným nemocem.
49. Vyhláška MZ ČR č. 48/1991 Sb., o očkování proti přenosným nemocem.
50. Vyhláška MZ ČR č. 19/1994 Sb., kterou se mění a doplňuje vyhláška MZ ČR č. 48/1991 Sb., o očkování proti přenosným nemocem, ve znění vyhlášky č. 527/1991 Sb.
51. Vyhláška MZ ČR č. 527/1991 Sb., kterou se mění vyhláška MZ ČR č. 48/1991 Sb., o očkování proti přenosným nemocem.
52. Vyhláška MZ ČR č. 537/2006 Sb., o očkování proti infekčním nemocem.
53. Výnos č. 1/1989 Věstníku Ministerstva zdravotnictví a sociálních věcí ČSR, o očkování proti přenosným nemocem.
54. Výnos č. 7/1986 Věstníku MZ ČSR, kterým se mění a doplňuje výnos č. 13/1984 Věstníku MZ ČSR, o očkování proti přenosným nemocem.
55. WHO Vaccine Preventable Diseases Monitoring System. Immunization schedules by antigen, selection centre. http://www.who.int/vaccines/globalsummary/immunization/scheduleselect.cfm.
56. World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis programme and global programme on vaccines: statement on BCG revaccination for the prevention of tuberculosis. Wkly Epidemiol. Rec. 1995;70: 229–231.
Labels
Neonatology Paediatrics General practitioner for children and adolescentsArticle was published in
Czech-Slovak Pediatrics
2009 Issue 2
Most read in this issue
- Vaccination against Tuberculosis
- Genetically Determined Forms of Nephrotic Syndrome in Children
- Reflux Strictures of Esophagus in Children – Therapy and Results
- Monogenic Hypertension