Antibiotics and the quality indicators for outpatient antibiotic use in Slovakia

Download PDF Česká verze

Authors: Tomáš Tesař; Lucia Masaryková; Slávka Porubcová; Monika Čičová; Miloš Okša; Kristína Malíková; Ubica Lehocká
Published in the journal: Čes. slov. Farm., 2021; 70, 199-205
Category: Původní práce
doi: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5817/CSF2021-6-199

Summary

The aims of this study was to compare the data on the consumption of antibiotics in the outpatient care sector for Slovakia from 2019 to 2020 and to calculate quality indicators for outpatient antibiotic use. The data source on the consumption of antibiotics (ATC group J01), is the sales data from the NCZI. The main indicator describing the consumption of antibacterials for systemic use is the number of DDDs per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID). The data released by the European Centre for Disease Protection were used as the source for antibiotic consumption for 2019. The most frequently consumed antibacterials for systemic use in the outpatient care sector in 2020 were other beta-lactam antibacterials (J01D); macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins (J01); and betalactam antibacterials, penicillins (J01C), with the levels of 3.30 DID, 3.30 DID and 3.27 DID, respectively. Consumption levels of 1.66 DID for tetracyclines (J01A), 1.14 DID for quinolone antibacterials (J01M), 0.41 DID for sulfonamides and trimethoprim (J01E), 0.07 DID for other antibacterials (J01X), and 0.01 DID for other antibiotics (J01B, J01G and J01R combined) can be seen. Overall, antibiotic consumption in the outpatient care sector did significantly change in Slovakia from 2019 to 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Keywords:

Slovakia – antibiotic consumption – Defined Daily Dose – quality indicators

Zdroje

Robertson J., Vlahović-Palčevski V., Iwamoto K., Högberg L. D., Godman B., Monnet D. L., et al. Variations in the consumption of antimicrobial medicines in the European region, 2014–2018: findings and implications from ESAC-Net and WHO Europe. Front. Pharmacol. 2021; 12, 639207. doi: 10.3389/ fphar.2021.639207
French G. L. Clinical impact and relevance of antibiotic resistance. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2005; 57, 1514–1527.
Prestinaci F., Pezzotti P., Pantosti A. Antimicrobial resistance: a global multifaceted phenomenon. Pathog. Glob. Health 2015; 109, 309–318. doi: 10.1179/2047773215Y.0000000030
Jinks T., Lee N., Sharland M., Rex J., Gertler N., Diver M., et al. A time for action: antimicrobial resistance needs global response. Bull. World Health Organ. 2016; 94, 558A–558A. doi: 10.2471/ BLT.16.181743
Robertson J., Iwamoto K., Hoxha I., Ghazaryan L., Abilova V., Cvijanovic A., et al. Antimicrobial Medicines Consumption in Eastern Europe and Central Asia – An Updated Cross-National Study and Assessment of Quantitative Metrics for Policy Action. Front. Pharmacol. 2019; 9, 1156. doi: 10.3389/ fphar.2018.01156
Vander Stichele R. H., Elseviers M. M., Ferech M., Blot S., Goossens H. ESAC Project Group. European surveillance of antimicrobial consumption (ESAC): data collection performance and methodological approach. Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 2004; 58, 419–428. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2004.02164.x
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption Network (ESAC-Net). https://www.ecdc.europa. eu/en/about-ecdc (31. 5. 2021).
The European parliament and the Council of the European Union. DECISION No 1082/2013/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 22 October 2013. Off. J. Eur. Union 2013; 293, 1–15.
Pavelka M., van-Zandvoort K., Abbott S., Sherratt K., Majdan M. CMMID COVID-19 working group, et al. The impact of population-wide rapid antigen testing on SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in Slovakia. medRxiv. 2020; doi: 10.1101/2020.12.02.20240648
Holt E. Slovakia to test all adults for SARS-CoV-2. Lancet 2020; 396, 1386–1387.
Frnda J., Durica M. On Pilot Massive COVID-19 Testing by Antigen Tests in Europe. Case Study: Slovakia. Infect. Dis. Rep. 2021; 13, 45–57. doi: 10.3390/ idr13010007
Mirzaei R., Goodarzi P., Asadi M., Soltani A., Aljanabi H. A. A., Jeda A. S., et al. Bacterial co-infections with SARS-CoV-2. IUBMB Life 2020; 72, 2097–2111. doi: 10.1002/iub.2356
Štátny ústav pre kontrolu liečiv. https://www.sukl.sk/ hlavna-stranka/slovenska-verzia/o-nas?page_id=92 (31. 5. 2021).
MCR Spotreba liekov na Slovensku. https://www.mcr. sk/spotreba-liekov-na-slovensku/ (31. 5. 2021).
Národné centrum zdravotníckych informácií. http:// www.nczisk.sk/en/Pages/default.aspx (31. 5. 2021).
WHO collaborating centre for drug statistics methodology. ATC Classification index with DDDs. https://www. whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/ (31. 5. 2021).
Coenen S., Ferech M., Haaijer-Ruskamp F. M., et al. European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC): quality indicators for outpatient antibiotic use in Europe. Qual. Saf. Health Care 2007; 16, 440– 445.
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. The European Surveillance System (TESSy). https:// www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/european-surveillance-system-tessy (31. 5. 2021).
Bruyndonckx R., Adriaenssens N., Versporten A., Hens N., Monnet D. L., Molenberghs G., et al. Consumption of antibiotics in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997–2017. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2021; 76(Suppl 2), ii7–ii13. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab172
Bruyndonckx R., Adriaenssens N., Hens N., Versporten A., Monnet D.L., Molenberghs G., et al. Consumption of penicillins in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997–2017. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2021; 76(Suppl 2), ii14–ii21. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab173
Versporten A., Bruyndonckx R., Adriaenssens N., Hens N., Monnet D. L., Molenberghs G., et al. Consumption of cephalosporins in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997– 2017. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2021; 76(Suppl 2), ii22–ii29. doi:10.1093/jac/dkab174
Adriaenssens N., Bruyndonckx R., Versporten A., Hens N., Monnet D. L., Molenberghs G., et al. Consumption of macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997–2017. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2021; 76(Suppl 2), ii30–ii36. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab175
Adriaenssens N., Bruyndonckx R., Versporten A., Hens N., Monnet D. L., Molenberghs G., et al. Consumption of quinolones in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997–2017. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2021; 76(Suppl 2), ii37–ii44. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab176
Versporten A., Bruyndonckx R., Adriaenssens N., Hens N., Monnet D. L., Molenberghs G., et al. Consumption of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 1997–2017. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2021; 76(Suppl 2), ii45–ii59. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab177
Adriaenssens N., Bruyndonckx R., Versporten A., Hens N., Monnet D. L., Molenberghs G., et al. Quality appraisal of antibiotic consumption in the community, European Union/European Economic Area, 2009 and 2017. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2021; 76(Suppl 2), ii60–ii67. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkab178
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Antimicrobial consumption database (ESAC-Net). https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/antimicrobial-consumption/surveillance-and-disease-data/database (31. 5. 2021).
European surveillance of antimicrobial consumption network. Antimicrobial consumption reporting protocol. https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/antimicrobial- -consumption/surveillance-and-disease-data/report-protocol (31. 5. 2021).