Characteristics and results of treatment of younger patients less than 60 years old with AML: analysis of real data from the Czech DATOOL-AML database
Authors:
L. Semerád 1; Z. Šustková 1; P. Cetkovský 2; P. Jindra 7; Z. Kořístek 6; J. Novák 4; T. Szotkowski 5; Z. Ráčil 2; J. Vydra 2; B. Weinbergerová 1; P. Žák 3; J. Mayer 1
Authors‘ workplace:
Interní hematologická a onkologická klinika FN Brno
1; Ústav hematologie a krevní transfuze, Praha
2; IV. interní hematologická klinika FN Hradec Králové
3; Interní hematologická klinika FN Královské Vinohrady a 3. LF UK
4; Hemato-onkologická klinika FN Olomouc
5; Klinika hematoonkologie FN Ostrava
6; Hemato-onkologické oddělení FN Plzeň
7
Published in:
Transfuze Hematol. dnes,26, 2020, No. 3, p. 212-225.
Category:
Original Papers
Cílem této práce je retrospektivní analýza reálných klinických dat nemocných s akutní myeloidní leukemií (AML) ve věku 18–60 let, kteří byli za uplynulých 13 let diagnostikováni a léčeni v některém ze šesti hemato-onkologických center v České republice, která v tomto období spolupracovala v rámci skupiny CELL. Data z těchto center byla porovnána s výsledky přežití nemocných léčených v klinických studiích a oproti datům z renomovaných zahraničních pracovišť. Jako zdroj dat pro analýzu byla použita databáze DATOOL-AML. V období 2007–2018 bylo v centrech skupiny CELL diagnostikováno celkem 940 nemocných ve věku 18–60 let s novou AML. U 66 % nemocných bylo možné na základě cytogenetického a molekulárně genetického vyšetření určit některý ze známých geneticky definovaných prognostických markerů. Intenzivní léčebný přístup byl zahájen u 93,6 % nemocných (N = 788), z nichž u 93,4 % (N = 736) nemocných byla jako první terapie podána indukční chemoterapie v režimu „3+7“. Kompletní remise onemocnění po ukončení indukční léčby bylo dosaženo u 72 % nemocných. Riziko časného úmrtí v průběhu indukční chemoterapie byla 4 %. Alogenní transplantace krvetvorby (HSCT) byla v první kompletní remisi provedena u 53,8 % nemocných ve středním-I riziku, 57,3 % nemocných ve středním-II riziku a 49,3 % nemocných ve vysokém riziku. Provedení alogenní HSCT v první kompletní remisi vedlo k významnému prodloužení celkového přežití nemocných s normálním karyotypem a zároveň FLT3-ITD+/NPM1-, stejně jako nemocných se středně rizikovými a komplexními změnami karyotypu. Medián přežití všech nemocných v našem souboru byl 26,5 měsíce, 5 let od zjištění diagnózy se dožilo 39,2 % nemocných. Výsledky péče o mladší nemocné s AML v českých hemato-onkologických centrech korespondují s výsledky léčby dosahovanými ve velkých klinických studiích i na renomovaných zahraničních pracovištích, k čemuž podle názoru autorů při vědomí všech limitací tohoto srovnání přispívá centralizace péče o tyto nemocné do center vysoce specializované péče v České republice.
Overview
The aim of this work was to analyse retrospectively real clinical data from AML patients aged 18-60 years diagnosed and treated over the past 13 years in one of the six haemato-oncology centres in the Czech Republic that form the collaborative CELL group. Data from these centres was compared with the survival results of patients treated in clinical trials and data from renowned institutions abroad. The DATOOL-AML database was used as a source of this data. A total of 940 patients aged 18-60 years were diagnosed and treated for de novo AML in the CELL group centres between 2007 and 2018. Based on cytogenetic and molecular genetic results, it was possible to determine some type of known genetically defined prognostic marker in 66% of patients. An intensive therapeutic approach was initiated in 93.6% of patients (N=788), of which 93.4% (N=736) received the “3+7” induction regimen as first line therapy. Complete remission after induction therapy was achieved in 72% of patients. The risk of early death during induction chemotherapy was 4%. Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed in first remission in 53.8% with intermediate-I risk; 57.3% of patients with intermediate-II risk and 49.3% of patients with high risk. Allogeneic HSCT in first complete remission led to significant prolongation of overall survival in patients with normal karyotype and concurrent FLT3-ITD+/NPM1-, as well as in patients with intermediate risk and complex karyotype. The median survival of all patients in our sample was 26.5 months and 39.2% were alive five years from diagnosis. The results of care for younger AML patients in Czech haemato-oncology centres correspond to those of large clinical trials as well as renowned international institutions. It is the authors´ view that despite all the limitations of such a comparison this is to a certain extent due to centralisation of such type of care in the Czech Republic in highly specialised centres.
Keywords:
AML – younger patients – database – register – standard clinical practice – clinical study – centralised care – centre effect
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Haematology Internal medicine Clinical oncologyArticle was published in
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