Factors affecting the uterine sarcomas developement and possibilities of their clinical diagnosis

Czech version

Authors: D. Dvorská ^1,2; D. Braný ^1,2; Z. Danková ³; E. Halášová ¹; J. Višňovský ²
Authors‘ workplace: Divízia molekulová medicína, Martinské centrum pre biomedicínu, JLF UK, Martin, riaditeľka divízie prof. RNDr. E. Halášová, PhD. ¹; Gynekologicko-pôrodnícka klinika JLF UK a UNM Martin, prednosta prof. MUDr. P. Žúbor, PhD. ²; Divízia onkológia, Martinské centrum pre biomedicínu, JLF UK, Martin, riaditeľka divízie doc. RNDr. Z. Lasabová, PhD. ³
Published in: Ceska Gynekol 2018; 83(5): 364-370
Category: Original Article

Overview

Objective:

The main goal of this article is to summarize the known factors underlying the tumorigenesis of sarcomas and to present the limitations of clinical diagnosis.

Design:

A review article.

Settings:

Division of Molecular Medicine, Biomedical Center, JLF UK Martin, Slovakia; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics JLF UK and UNM Martin, Slovakia; Division of Oncology, Biomedical Center in Martin, JLF UK, Martin, Slovakia.

Methods:

An analysis and summarisation of published studies about etiology, aberrant factors and limmitations of clinical diagnosis of uterne sarcomas.

Results and conclusions:

Uterine sarcomas are heterogenous, malignant tumour types of mesenchymal origin with a very low incidence. On the other hand, sarcomas are very aggressive tumours with a poor prognosis, and a very low chance of surviving in general. The most common types of sarcomas are leiomyosarcomas, followed in percentage occurrence by endometrial stromal sarcomas and adenosarcomas. This tumour pathogenesis remains still relatively unknown. There are recognized only several predisposition factor types, and the limitated molecular-genetic aberrations associated with their occurrence. Importantly, the potential perturbation of the malignant mass during the implementation of invasive methods can be considered as the most serious risk factor. In regards to the visualization methods application, there are still limited ways of distinguishing between malignant and benign forms, especially in the case of leiomyosarcomas.

Keywords:

sarcomas, leiomyosarcomas, mesenchymal tumours, clinical diagnosis

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