#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Czech Neurological Society CMA JEP expert opinion for primary care management of acute low back pain in adults


Authors: S. Ostrý 1,2;  I. Štětkářová 3;  J. Korsa 4,5;  J. Bednařík
Authors‘ workplace: Neurologické oddělení, Nemocnice České Budějovice, a. s. 1;  Neurochirurgická a neuroonkologická klinika 1. LF UK a ÚVN – VFN, Praha 2;  Neurologická klinika 3. LF UK a FN Královské Vinohrady, Praha 3;  Rehabilitační oddělení, Oblastní nemocnice Příbram, a. s. 4;  Neurologické oddělení, Oblastní nemocnice Příbram, a. s. 5;  Neurologická klinika LF MU a FN Brno 6
Published in: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2020; 83/116(6): 659-666
Category:
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/cccsnn2020659

Overview

Care for common problems like back pain needs to be structured and rational. Low back pain is rarely a symptom of severe pathology. Procedures based on a system of warning signs and psychosocial factors meet the requirements of accurate dia­gnosis, saving time and material resources. The aim of the work was to provide support to general practitioners for caring for patients with acute low back pain and, at the same time, to present evidence of the legitimacy and safety of this method of treatment. Accordingly, summary material describing how to care for patients with acute low back pain was created. The text is divided into two parts. The first part of the summary takes the form of the so-called “Ten Commandments”. It sets out a short logical sequence of dia­gnostic steps and treatment. It provides quick orientation and should be used in daily practice. The second, more detailed part of the summary, contains an explanatory text with links which serves to clarify and acquaint the reader with existing recommendations. We want the material to serve as a support for the daily work of general practitioners and specialists cooperating in the care of patients with acute low back pain.

Keywords:

acute low back pain – warning signs – red-flags – psychosocial factors – yellow-flags – patient selfcare involvement – psychosocial treatment – nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs


Sources

1. Verhagen AP, Downie A, Popal N et al. Red flags presented in current low back pain guidelines: a review. Eur Spine J 2016; 25 (9): 2788–2802. doi: 10.1007/s00586-016-4684-0.

2. Gatchel RJ, Rollings KH. Evidence informed management of chronic low back pain with cognitive behavioral therapy. Spine J 2008; 8 (1): 40–44. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2007.10.007.

3. Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s: assessment and management. NICE – National Institute Healthcare Excellence 2016. [online]. Available from URL: https: //www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng59/resources/low-back-pain-and-sciatica-in-over-16s-assessment-and-management-pdf-1837521693637.

4. Agency for Clinical Inovation. Management of people with acute low back pain: model of care. [online]. Available from URL: https: //www.aci.health.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/336688/acute-low-back-pain-moc.pdf.

5. Chou R, Qaseem A, Snow V et al. Dia­gnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. Ann Intern Med 2007; 147 (7): 478–491. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-147-7-200710020-00006.

6. Koes BW, van Tulder M, Lin CW et al. An updated overview of clinical guidelines for the management of non-specific low back pain in primary care. Eur Spine J 2010; 19 (12): 2075–2094. doi: 10.1007/s00586-010-1502-y.

7. Oliveira CB, Maher CG, Pinto RZ et al. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of non-specific low back pain in primary care: an updated overview. Eur Spine J 2018; 27 (11): 2791–2803. doi: 10.1007/s00586-018-5673-2.

8. Qaseem A, Wilt TJ, McLean RM et al. Noninvasive treatments for acute, subacute, and chronic low back pain: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med 2017; 166 (7): 514–530. doi: 10.7326/M16-2367.

9. Stochkendahl MJ, Kjaer P, Hartvigsen J et al. National clinical guidelines for non-surgical treatment of patients with recent onset low back pain or lumbar radiculopathy. Eur Spine J 2018; 27 (1): 60–75. doi: 10.1007/s00586-017-5099-2.

10. Van Wambeke P, Desomer A, Ailliet L et al. Low back pain and radicular pain: evaluation and management. [online]. Available from URL: https: //kce.fgov.be/sites/default/files/atoms/files/KCE_287_Low_back_pain_Report.pdf.

11. Bednařík J, Kadaňka Z. Akutní bolesti v lumbosakrální oblasti z pohledu neurologa. ČNS JEP 2002. [online]. Dostupné z URL: https: //www.czech-neuro.cz/content/uploads/2018/07/t267.pdf.

12. Muller I, Kacerovský P. Bolesti zad vertebrogenního původu. ČLP JEP 2001. Reg. č. a/109/074.

13. Skála B, Effler J, Herle P et al. Bolesti zad – vertebrogenní algický syndrom 2011. Praha: Společnost všeobecného lékařství ČLS JEP; 2011.

14. Skála B, Herle P, Neradílek F et al. Bolesti pohybového aparátu obecně. Bolesti zad, bolesti hlavy – možnost léčby. Praha: Společnost všeobecného lékařství ČLS JEP; 2014.

15. Bednařík J, Vlčková E. Nejčastější bolesti v ordinaci praktického lékaře. Bolesti zad. In: Rokyta R (ed.). Léčba bolesti v primární péči. 1. vyd. Praha: Grada Publishing 2017: 19–39.

16. van Tulder M, Becker A, Bekkering T et al. European guidelines for the management of acute nonspecific low back pain in primary care. Eur Spine J 2006; 15 (Suppl 2): S169–191. doi: 10.1007/s00586-006-1071-2.

17. Cherkin DC, Deyo RA, Loeser JD et al. An international comparison of back surgery rates. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1994; 19 (11): 1201–1206. doi: 10.1097/0000 7632-199405310-00001.

18. Deyo RA, Diehl AK. Cancer as a cause of back pain: frequency, clinical presentation and dia­gnostic strategies. J Gen Intern Med 1988; 3 (3): 230–238. doi: 10.1007/BF02596337.

19. Pengel LH, Herbert RD, Maher CG et al. Acute low back pain: systematic review of its prognosis. BMJ 2003; 327 (7410): 323. doi: 10.1136/bmj.327.7410.323.

20. Hoy D, Brooks P, Blyth F et al. The epidemiology of low back pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2010; 24 (6): 769–781. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2010.10.002.

21. Maher C, Underwood M, Buchbinder R. Non-specific low back pain. Lancet 2017; 389 (10070): 736–747. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736 (16) 30970-9.

22. Hoy D, Bain C, Williams G et al. A systematic review of the global prevalence of low back pain. Arthritis Rheum 2012; 64 (6): 2028–2037. doi: 10.1002/art.34347.

23. Carey TS, Evans AT, Hadler NM et al. Acute severe low back pain. A population-based study of prevalence and care-seeking. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1996; 21 (3): 339–344. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199602010-00018.

24. Ferreira ML, Machado G, Latimer J et al. Factors defining care-seeking in low back pain – a meta-analysis of population based surveys. Eur J Pain 2010; 14 (7): 747. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2009.11.005.

25. Hart LG, Deyo RA, Cherkin DC. Physician office visits for low back pain. Frequency, clinical evaluation, and treatment patterns from a U.S. national survey. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1995; 20 (1): 11–19. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199501000-00003.

26. Henschke N, Maher CG, Refshauge KM et al. Prognosis in patients with recent onset low back pain in Australian primary care: inception cohort study. BMJ 2008; 337 (7662): a171. doi: 10.1136/bmj.a171.

27. Koes BW, van Tulder MW, Thomas S. Dia­gnosis and treatment of low back pain. BMJ 2006; 332 (7555): 1430–1434. doi: 10.1136/bmj.332.7555.1430.

28. Stanton TR, Henschke N, Maher CG et al. After an episode of acute low back pain, recurrence is unpredictable and not as common as previously thought. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2008; 33 (26): 2923–2928. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31818a3167.

29. Acute low back pain problems in adults. Clinical practice guideline 14. [online]. Available from: https: //chiro.org/Low_Back_Pain/Acute_Lower_Back_Problems_in_Adults.html.

30. Barsa P, Hackel M. Systém „červených praporků“ v dia­gnostice a terapii bolestí zad. Bolest 2004; 7 (Suppl 2): 15–19.

31. Štětkářová I, Chrobok J. Vertebrogenní onemocnění. In: Štětkářová I (ed.). Spinální neurologie. Praha: Maxdorf 2019: 361–385.

32. Štětkářová I. Bolesti zad. Med pro Praxi 2007; 3: 124–127.

33. Bardin LD, King P, Maher CG. Dia­gnostic triage for low back pain: a practical approach for primary care. Med J Aust 2017; 206 (6): 268–273. doi: 10.5694/mja16. 00828.

34. Underwood MR, Dawes P. Inflammatory back pain in primary care. Br J Rheumatol 1995; 34 (11): 1074–1077. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/34.11.1074.

35. van Tulder MW, Assendelft WJ, Koes BW et al. Spinal radiographic findings and nonspecific low back pain. A systematic review of observational studies. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1997; 22 (4): 427–434. doi: 10.1097/0000 7632-199702150-00015.

36. Henschke N, Maher CG, Refshauge KM et al. Prevalence of and screening for serious spinal pathology in patients presenting to primary care settings with acute low back pain. Arthritis Rheum 2009; 60 (10): 3072–3080. doi: 10.1002/art.24853.

37. Deyo RA, Rainville J, Kent DL. What can the history and physical examination tell us about low back pain? JAMA 1992; 268 (6): 760–765.

38. Downie A, Williams CM, Henschke N et al. Red flags to screen for malignancy and fracture in patients with low back pain: systematic review. BMJ 2013; 347: f7095. doi: 010.1136/bmj.f7095.

39. Nicholas MK, Linton SJ, Watson PJ et al. Early identification and management of psychological risk factors („yellow flags“) in patients with low back pain: a reappraisal. Phys Ther 2011; 91 (5): 737–753. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20100224.

40. Vrba I. Komentáře ke článku Systém „červených praporků“ v dia­gnoistice a terapii bolestí zad. Bolest 2004; 7 (Suppl 2/2004): 27–31.

41. Hill JC, Whitehurst DG, Lewis M et al. Comparison of stratified primary care management for low back pain with current best practice (STarT Back): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2011; 378 (9802): 1560–1571. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736 (11) 60937-9.

42. Linton SJ, Boersma K. Early identification of patients at risk of developing a persistent back problem: the predictive validity of the Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaire. Clin J Pain 2003; 19 (2): 80–86. doi: 10.1097/00002508-200303000-00002.

43. Chou R, Fu R, Carrino JA et al. Imaging strategies for low-back pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2009; 373 (9662): 463–472. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736 (09) 60172-0.

44. Webster BS, Bauer AZ, Choi Y et al. Iatrogenic consequences of early magnetic resonance imaging in acute, work-related, disabling low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2013; 38 (22): 1939–1946. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013 e3182a42eb6.

45. Webster BS, Choi Y, Bauer AZ et al. The cascade of medical services and associated longitudinal costs due to nonadherent magnetic resonance imaging for low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2014; 39 (17): 1433–1440. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000000408.

46. Brinjikji W, Luetmer PH, Comstock B et al. Systematic literature review of imaging features of spinal degeneration in asymptomatic populations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 36 (4): 811–816. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A4173.

47. Abdel Shaheed C, Maher CG, Williams KA et al. Efficacy and tolerability of muscle relaxants for low back pain: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Pain 2017; 21 (2): 228–237. doi: 10.1002/ejp.907.

48. Chou R, Huffman LH, American Pain Society et al. Medications for acute and chronic low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med 2007; 147 (7): 505–514. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-147-7-200710020-00008.

49. Štětkářová I. Bolesti zad – příčiny a léčba. Interní Med 2009; 11 (7): 345–348.

50. Roelofs PD, Deyo RA, Koes BW et al. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008; 1: CD000396. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000396.pub3.

51. Neuropathic pain in adults: pharmacological management in non-specialist settings. NICE – National Institute Healthcare Excellence 2013: 33.

52. Bednařík J, Ambler Z, Opavský J et al. Klinický standard pro farmakoterapii neuropatické bolesti. Cesk Slov Neurol N 2012; 75/108 (1): 93–101.

53. Finnerup NB, Attal N, Haroutounian S et al. Pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol 2015; 14 (2): 162–173. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422 (14) 70251-0.

54. Abdel Shaheed C, Maher CG, Williams KA et al. Efficacy, tolerability, and dose-dependent effects of opioid analgesics for low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med 2016; 176 (7): 958–968. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.1251.

55. Chaparro LE, Furlan AD, Deshpande A et al. Opioids compared to placebo or other treatments for chronic low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 8: CD004959. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004959.pub4.

56. Machado GC, Maher CG, Ferreira PH et al. Efficacy and safety of paracetamol for spinal pain and osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo controlled trials. BMJ 2015; 350: h1225. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h1225.

57. Rubinstein SM, Terwee CB, Assendelft WJ et al. Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 9: CD008880. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008880.pub2.

58. Furlan AD, Giraldo M, Baskwill A et al. Massage for low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 9: CD001929. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001929.pub3.

59. Furlan AD, Yazdi F, Tsertsvadze A et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and safety of selected complementary and alternative medicine for neck and low-back pain. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012; 2012: 953139. doi: 10.1155/2012/953139.

60. Hayden JA, van Tulder MW, Malmivaara A et al. Exercise therapy for treatment of non-specific low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005; 3: CD000335. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000335.pub2.

Labels
Paediatric neurology Neurosurgery Neurology

Article was published in

Czech and Slovak Neurology and Neurosurgery

Issue 6

2020 Issue 6

Most read in this issue
Topics Journals
Login
Forgotten password

Enter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.

Login

Don‘t have an account?  Create new account

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#