The Role of the Cell-mediated Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis with Focus on Th17 and Treg Lymfocytes

Czech version

Authors: M. Svobodová ¹; P. Štourač ^1,2
Authors‘ workplace: Neurologická klinika LF MU a FN Brno ¹; CEITEC – Středoevropský technologický institut, MU, Brno ²
Published in: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2017; 80/113(2): 173-179
Category: Review Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.14735/amcsnn2017173

Podpořeno grantem MZ ČR – RVO (FNBr, 65269705) a projektem specifického výzkumu č. MUNI/ A/ 1072/ 2015 z programu podpory studentských projektů na Masarykově univerzitě.

Overview

Multiple sclerosis is a serious autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. It occurs with relatively high prevalence, especially in young people. It is essential to understand the pathogenesis of this disease in order to develop new treatments. All components of immunity are involved in this process but current research mainly focuses on lymphocyte populations. Previously, imbalance between subtypes of helper lymphocytes Th1 and Th2 was considered as the main cause of multiple sclerosis. Recently, the influence of other cell elements, such as B lymphocytes, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, was shown. Moreover, new cell types, regulatory T lymphocytes and helper Th17 lymphocytes, have been discovered. The aim of this article is to describe the main roles of individual lymphocyte subtypes in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis, focusing first on regulatory T lymphocytes and helper Th17 lymphocytes.

Key words:
multiple sclerosis – B lymphocytes – T lymphocytes – regulatory T lymphocytes – Th17 lymphocytes

The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study.

The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE “uniform requirements” for biomedical papers.

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