Potenciálne využitie autofluorescencie telových tekutín pri neinvazívnej diagnostike endometriálneho karcinómu

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Authors: M. Švecová; K. Fiedlerová; M. Mareková; K. Dubayová
Authors‘ workplace: Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Slovakia
Published in: Klin Onkol 2024; 38(2): 102-109
Category: Reviews
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/ccko2024102

Overview

Východiská: Endometriálny karcinóm (EC) je najčastejšou rakovinou ženského reprodukčného traktu vo vyspelých krajinách. Prognóza a päťročná miera prežitia úzko súvisia so štádiom pri diagnostikovaní. Súčasné rutinné diagnostické metódy EC sú buď málo špecifické alebo pre pacientku nepríjemné, invazívne a bolestivé. Aktuálne je zlatým diagnostickým štandardom endometriálna biopsia. Včasná a neinvazívnu diagnostika EC vyžaduje identifikáciu nových markerov ochorenia a skríningový test aplikovateľný do rutinnej laboratórnej diagnostiky. Aplikácia necielenej metabolomiky v kombinácii s nástrojmi umelej inteligencie a bioštatistiky má potenciál kvalitatívne a kvantitatívne prezentovať metabolóm, ale jej zavedenie do rutinnej diagnostiky je z dôvodu finančnej, časovej aj interpretačnej náročnosti v súčasnosti nereálne. Fluorescenčná spektrálna analýza telových tekutín využíva autofluorescenciu určitých metabolitov na definovanie zloženia metabolómu za fyziologických podmienok. Cieľ: Tento prehľadový článok poukazuje na potenciál fluorescenčnej spektroskopie pri včasnej detekcii EC. Dáta získané trojrozmernou fluorescenčnou spektroskopiou definujú kvantitatívne aj kvalitatívne zloženie komplexného fluorescenčného metabolómu a sú vhodné na identifikáciu biochemických metabolických zmien spojených s karcinogenézou endometria. Autofluorescencia biologických tekutín má perspektívu poskytnúť nové molekulové markery EC. Integráciou algoritmov strojového učenia a umelej inteligencie pri dátovej analýze fluorescenčného metabolómu má táto technika veľký potenciál byť implementovaná do rutinnej laboratórnej diagnostiky.

Klíčová slova:

endometriálny karcinóm – diagnostika– metabolomika – fluorescencia

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