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Rozdiely vo vekovej distribúcii, onkologických diagnózach a štádiu ochorenia medzi rómskymi a nerómskymi onkologickými pacientmi registrovanými na ambulantnom onkologickom oddelení v Poprade v rokoch 2014 a 2015 – retrospektívna štúdia


Authors: M. Reckova 1,2;  J. Mardiak 1;  J. Beniak 2;  M. Kakalejcik 2;  L. Medvecova 2;  S. Cingelova 1;  M. Mego 1
Authors‘ workplace: nd Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic 1;  POKO Poprad, s.  r.  o., Slovak Republic 2
Published in: Klin Onkol 2017; 30(1): 41-47
Category: Original Articles
doi: https://doi.org/10.14735/amko201741

Overview

Východiská:
Rómovia tvoria jednu z najväčších etnických minoritných skupín na Slovensku. Existujú údaje o vyššej prevalencii prenosných ochorení u Rómov, avšak údaje o nádorových ochorenia chýbajú. Cieľom súčasnej štúdie bolo porovnanie rozdielov vo veku v čase diagnózy, výskyte onkologických diagnóz a štádiu ochorení medzi rómskymi a nerómskymi pacientami, ktorí boli registrovaní na jednom ambulantnom onkologickom pracovisku na východnom Slovensku, kde je liečená značná časť rómskych pacientov.

Pacienti a metódy:
Rómski a nerómski onkologickí pacienti boli identifikovaní na základe spoločného úsudku ošetrujúceho lekára a zdravotnej sestry. Vek v čase diagnózy, jednotlivé onkologické diagnózy a štádium ochorenia boli porovnané medzi rómskymi a nerómskymi pacientami.

Výsledky:
Identifikovaných bolo 30 rómskych a 702 nerómskych pacientov. Veková distribúcia v čase diagnózy nebola štatisticky signifikantne odlišná medzi rómami a nerómami, tak u mužov, ako aj u žien. Štatisticky signifikantne viac rómskych mužov malo nádory pľúc (pomer rizík – RR 0,19; 95% CI 0,13–0,35; p < 0,01), zatiaľčo štatisticky signifikantne viac rómskych žien malo nádory obličiek (RR 0,16; 95% CI 0,05–0,69; p = 0,01). Numericky viac Rómov bolo diagnostikovaných v IV. štádiu ochorenia. Pri porovnaní štádia I–III vs. IV, štatisticky signifikantne viac rómskych mužov bolo diagnostikovaných v IV. štádiu.

Záver:
Na základe našich údajov predpokladáme, že existujú rozdiely v typoch nádorových ochorení medzi rómskymi a nerómskymi pacientami. Potrebné je uskutočnenie väčších populačných štúdií s cieľom analýzy rozdielov medzi rómskymi a nerómskymi onkologickými pacientami.

Klúčové slová:
Rómovia – nádory – histológia – štádium

Autoři deklarují, že v souvislosti s předmětem studie nemají žádné komerční zájmy.

Redakční rada potvrzuje, že rukopis práce splnil ICMJE kritéria pro publikace zasílané do biomedicínských časopisů.

Obdrženo:
9. 7. 2016

Přijato:
5. 10. 2016


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