#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

A modern view of electric cardioversion of atrial fibrillation


Authors: J. Přeček;  R. Stříbrný;  J. Látal;  F. Kováčik;  M. Hutyra
Authors‘ workplace: I. interní klinika –  kardiologická LF UP a FN Olomouc
Published in: Kardiol Rev Int Med 2017, 19(4): 243-246

Overview

This article provides an overview of the practical issues of electric cardioversion of atrial fibrillation. Direct current cardioversion is an effective method of converting atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. The basic precondition for a safe cardioversion is an effective anticoagulation, or exclusion of intra-cardiac thrombosis by transoesophageal echocardiography, except for patients with clearly documented duration of atrial fibrillation lasting less than 48 hours. The article outlines some aspects of thromboembolism associated with cardioversion and anticoagulation preparation, with an emphasis on direct oral anticoagulants.

Key words:
cardioversion – atrial fibrillation – thromboembolism – anticoagulation – direct oral anticoagulants


Sources

1. Haim M, Hoshen M, Reges O et al. Prospective national study of the prevalence, incidence, management and outcome of a large contemporary cohort of patients with incident non-valvular atrial fibril­lation. J Am Heart As­soc 2015; 4(1): e001486. doi: 10.1161/ JAHA.114.001486.

2. Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP et al. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibril­lation: The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2004; 110(9): 1042– 1046. doi: 10.1161/ 01.CIR.0000140263.20897.42.

3. Ball J, Car­rington MJ, McMur­ray JJV et al. Atrial fibril­lation: profile and burden of an evolv­­ing epidemic in the 21st century. Int J Cardiol 2013; 167(5): 1807– 1824. doi: 10.1016/ j.ijcard.2012.12.093.

4. Zoni-Beris­so M, Lercari F, Carazza et al. Epidemiology of atrial fibril­lation: European perspective. Clin Epidemiol 2014; 6: 213– 220. doi: 10.2147/ CLEP.S47385.

5. Kirchhof P, Benus­si S, Kotecha D et al. 2016 ESC Guide­lines for the management of atrial fibril­lation developed in col­laboration with EACTS. Eur Heart J 2016; 37(38): 2893– 2962. doi: 10.1093/ eurheartj/ ehw210.

6. Kato T, Yamashita T, Sagara K et al. Progres­sive nature of paroxysmal atrial fibril­lation. Observations from a 14-year fol­low-up study. Circ J 2004; 68(6): 568– 572.

7. Airaksinen KJ. Cardioversion of atrial fibril­lation and oral anticoagulation. J Atr Fibril­lation 2015; 8(3): 1260. doi: 10.4022/ jafib.1260.

8. Hansen ML, Jepsen RM, Olesen JB et al. Thromboembolic risk in 16 274 atrial fibril­lation patients undergo­­ing direct cur­rent cardioversion with and without oral anticoagulant ther­apy. Europace 2015; 17(1): 18– 23. doi: 10.1093/ europace/ euu189.

9. Khan IA. Atrial stun­ning: basics and clinical considerations. Int J Cardiol 2003; 92(2– 3): 113– 128.

10. Nagarakanti R, Ezekowitz MD, Oldgren J et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibril­lation: an analysis of patients undergo­­ing cardioversion. Circulation 2011; 123(2): 131– 136. doi: 10.1161/ CIRCULATIONAHA.110.977546.

11. Flaker G, Lopes RD, Al-Khatib SM et al. Ef­ficacy and safety of apixaban in patients after cardioversion for atrial fibril­lation: insights from the ARISTOTLE Trial (Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibril­lation). J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63(11): 1082– 1087. doi: 10.1016/ j.jacc.2013.09.062.

12. Piccini JP, Stevens SR, Lokhnygina Y et al. Outcomes after cardioversion and atrial fibril­lation ablation in patients treated with rivaroxaban and warfarin in the ROCKET AF trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 61(19): 1998– 2006. doi: 10.1016/ j.jacc.2013.02.025.

13. Plitt A, Ezekowitz MD, De Caterina R et al. Cardioversion of atrial fibril­lation in ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48. Clin Cardiol 2016; 39(6): 345– 346. doi: 10.1002/ clc.22537.

14. Cappato R, Ezekowitz MD, Klein AL et al. Rivaroxaban vs. vitamin K antagonists for cardioversion in atrial fibril­lation. Eur Heart J 2014; 35(47): 3346– 3355. doi: 10.1093/ eurheartj/ ehu367.

15. Goette A, Merino JL, Ezekowitz MD et al. Edoxaban versus enoxaparin-warfarin in patients undergo­­ing cardioversion of atrial fibril­lation (ENSURE-AF): a randomised, open-label, phase 3b trial. Lancet 2016; 388(10055): 1995– 2003. doi: 10.1016/ S0140-6736(16)31474-X.

16. Ezekowitz M. Apixaban vs heparin/ vitamin K antagonist in anticoagulation-naive patients with atrial fibril­lation scheduled for cardioversion: The EMANATE Trial. In: ESC 2017 Hot Line Presentation. Available at: congres­s365.escardio.org 2017.

17. Klein AL, Grimm RA, Black IW et al. Cardioversion guided by transesophageal echocardiography: the ACUTE pilot study. A randomized, control­led trial. As­ses­sment of Cardioversion Us­­ing Transesophageal Echocardiography. Ann Intern Med 1997; 126(3): 200– 209.

18. Boodhoo L, Bordoli G, Mitchell AR et al. The safety and ef­fectiveness of a nurse led cardioversion service under sedation. Heart 2004; 90(12): 1443– 1446. doi: 10.1136/ hrt.2004.034900.

19. Shelton RJ, Al­linson A, Johnson T et al. Four years experience of a nurse-led elective cardioversion service within a district general hospital setting. Europace 2006; 8(1): 81– 85. doi: 10.1093/ europace/ euj009.

20. Pisters R, Nieuwlaat R, Prins MH et al. Clinical cor­relates of im­mediate success and outcome at 1-year fol­low-up of real-world cardioversion of atrial fibril­lation: the Euro Heart Survey. Europace 2012; 14(5): 666– 674. doi: 10.1093/ europace/ eur406.

21. Crijns HJ, Weijs B, Fairley AM et al. Contemporary real life cardioversion of atrial fibril­lation: Results from the multinational RHYTHM-AF study. Int J Cardiol 2014; 172(3): 588– 594. doi: 10.1016/ j.ijcard.2014.01.099.

Labels
Paediatric cardiology Internal medicine Cardiac surgery Cardiology
Topics Journals
Login
Forgotten password

Enter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.

Login

Don‘t have an account?  Create new account

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#