Cardiometabolic risk is a threat for the 21^st century cardiology

Czech version

Authors: H. Rosolová
Authors‘ workplace: Centrum preventivní kardiologie, II. interní klinika UK Praha, Lékařská fakulta v Plzni, Český institut metabolického syndromu, o. p. s.
Published in: Kardiol Rev Int Med 2009, 11(2): 75-80

Overview

While atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVD) mortality and morbidity has been declining in developed countries in recent years, the prevalence of pre‑diabetic stages of type 2 diabetes has been on increase. Patients with AVD suffer from metabolic disorders more frequently and patients with pre‑diabetes or type 2 diabetes have 2–4 times higher incidence of AVD than people without diabetes. Current sedentary lifestyles, energy-overloaded diets and chronic stress lead to rising prevalence of obesity and glucose homeostasis disorders and increase in cardiometabolic risk. Cardiometabolic risk may lead to early AVD as well as to the type 2 diabetes. It is important to monitor the standard cardiometabolic risk factors (smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia) but also the following additional risk factors: high normal blood pressure, abdominal distribution of adipose tissue, fasting and postprandial glycaemia levels and plasma triglycerides levels, ideally relative to HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol levels. Healthy lifestyle represents the best prevention of AVD and type 2 diabetes. We provide a review of studies and recommended treatment methods for the discussed cardiometabolic risk factors. According to the epidemiologists’ forecasts, the world of this century is threatened by type 2 diabetes epidemic and, therefore, identifying patients in pre/diabetic stages and early management of their cardiometabolic risk is the way to stop the increasing prevalence of diabetes and consequent increase in AVD and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

Keywords:
cardiometabolic risk – pre‑diabetes – type 2 diabetes – metabolic syndrome

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