Neuro-immune interactions in the oncogenesis of multiple myeloma and their therapeutical relevance
Authors:
P.- Kotouček 1 3; R. Enright 4; A. Orfao 5; J. Sedlák 2,6
Authors‘ workplace:
Lekárska fakulta, Univerzita Komenského, Bratislava, Slovenská republika
1; Biomedicínske centrum Slovenskej akadémie vied, Bratislava, Slovenská republika
2; Clinical Haematology, Broomfield Hospital, UK
3; Educational Psychology, University of Wisconsin and Madison, USA
4; Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Salamanca, Španielsko
5; Nadácia Výskum Rakoviny, Bratislava, Slovenská republika
6
Published in:
Transfuze Hematol. dnes,27, 2021, No. 4, p. 306-315.
Category:
Review/Educational Papers
doi:
https://doi.org/10.48095/cctahd2021306
Overview
Multiple myeloma is a malignancy originating from the immune system and the second most prevalent blood cancer. Myeloma cells derive from the process of somatic hypermutation in the post-germinal centre of lymph nodes. They migrate from the post-germinal centre to the bone marrow compartment where they completely suppress healthy hematopoietic stem cells. They settle in the haemopoietic stem cell niche by a specific process called “homing” taking control over all supportive stromal cells including the cells of the immune system, neurons and Schwann cells of the vegetative nervous system. Neurons of the sympathetic nervous systems end in the centre of each niche. Myeloma cells are fully supported by all these stromal cells in their proliferation and growth. We describe in this article the interactions between the neuro-immune system of the human body and the myeloma malignant plasma cells. Stromal neuro-immune cells stimulate the growth and proliferation of myeloma cells and new therapeutic interventions could reverse these interactions thus restoring the original immune surveillance in order to control myeloma. We describe the principles of immuno-chemotherapy in myeloma and its reinforcement using new interventions targeting these neuro-immune interactions.
Keywords:
Multiple myeloma – neuro-immune system – haemopoietic stem cell – myeloma stem cell – psychological distress of patients with myeloma
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Haematology Internal medicine Clinical oncologyArticle was published in
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