Study of acute myeloid leukaemia clonality in mouse model

Czech version

Authors: Z. Kosařová ^1,2; M. Čulen ^1,2,3; I. Ježíšková ²; A. Folta ²; D. Dvořáková ^1,2; L. Semerád ^1,2; Z. Šustková ^1,2; J. Mayer ^1,2,3; Z. Ráčil ^1,2,3
Authors‘ workplace: Lékařská fakulta, Masarykova univerzita, Brno ¹; Interní hematologická a onkologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Brno ²; CEITEC – Středoevropský technologický institut, Masarykova univerzita, Brno ³
Published in: Transfuze Hematol. dnes,25, 2019, No. 2, p. 147-152.
Category: Review/Educational Papers

Overview

In the last few years, next generation sequencing has enabled detailed monitoring of the clonal composition and development of malignant diseases. Mutational screening in acute myeloid leukaemia patients has helped to describe the clonal composition and evolution of this disease. Xenotransplantation studies using immunodeficient mice and primary patient derived cells that enable the investigation of clonal changes under artificial conditions have also made a significant contribution. The clonal selection in mice is driven by the inherent proliferation capacity of individual (sub)clones. The use of mice with human cytokine expression or implanted humanized tissue has also demonstrated the critical effect of microenvironment that appears crucial for engraftment of acute myeloid leukaemia with favourable prognosis, e.g. RUNX1-RUNX1T1, CBFB-MYH11, mutated NPM1 without FLT3-ITD, biallelic mutated CEBPA. This review aims to present the current options for simulation of acute myeloid leukaemia in vivo and to summarize the most important data on clonal composition and pathogenesis of this disease obtained from xenotransplantation studies.

Keywords:

acute myeloid leukaemia – clonality – xenograft – NSG mouse

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