Risk and protective factors of ovarian cancer
Authors:
Luděk Záveský 1; Eva Jandáková 2; Radovan Turyna 3
Authors‘ workplace:
Ústav biologie a lékařské genetiky, 1. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Praha
1; Ústav patologie, Fakultní nemocnice Brno
2; Ústav pro péči o matku a dítě, Praha
3
Published in:
Prakt Gyn 2015; 19(3): 166-171
Category:
Oncogynecology: Original Article
Overview
The causes of the sporadic incidence of ovarian cancer (85% of the cases) still remain to be resolved. The remaining cases may result from genetic alterations in genome, chromosomes, genes and regulation factors. Germline mutations of the BRCA1/2 and DNA mismatch repair genes may cause hereditary forms of ovarian cancer. Epidemiological studies still have failed to find any generally applicable protective factor. Somewhat protective effects have been found for healthy lifestyle with sufficient fruits and vegetables consumption and limited red meat consumption and enough physical activity. Multiparity, breastfeeding, less ovulation years, tubal ligation and using hormonal contraception (however, this increases risk for breast cancer) have been further reported to decrease the risk for ovarian cancer. In addition to mutations, high consumption of sugar, obesity, later age in menopause, in vitro fertilization, hormone replacement therapy and nulliparity are suspected to increase the risk for ovarian cancer.
Key words:
ovarian carcinoma – risk factors – protective factors – BRCA1/2 – hormonal contraception – HRT
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Paediatric gynaecology Gynaecology and obstetrics Reproduction medicineArticle was published in
Practical Gynecology
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