Ventilatory function in patients with silicosis or coal workers’ pneumoconiosis

Czech version

Authors: Petr Brhel; Markéta Petrovová; Dana Lorenzová
Authors‘ workplace: Klinika pracovního lékařství LF MU a FN u sv. Anny Brno, přednosta prof. MUDr. Petr Brhel, CSc.
Published in: Vnitř Lék 2015; 61(12): 1023-1027
Category: Original Contributions

Overview

Objectives:
The aim of the study was to determine ventilatory function in a group of patients with silicosis and coal workers’ pneumoconisos (CWP) newly granted as occupational disease.

Methods:
The authors have undertaken the analysis of all cases of occupational silicosis and CWP which were diagnosed in men in the South Moravia region. Information on ventilatory function, chest symptoms, age, working and smoking history was collected during the medical surveys, including spirometry testing and chest radiography. Diagnosis was based on history of occupational exposure to coal or silica dust, chest x-ray findings, using International Labour Office classification.

Results:
In the years 1997–2014, 116 occupational silicosis and coal workers´ pneumoconiosis have been notified. There were diagnosed 42 cases of simple and 17 cases of complicated silicosis, 40 cases of the simple and 17 cases of complicated CWP. Duration of exposure to respiratory hazards, smoking history and prevalence of ventilatory impairment were not significantly different between these groups. The mean age of persons at diagnosing occupational disease was 61.0 (SD 11.2) years, the mean duration of exposure to respirable dust was 24.7 (SD 10.2) years. Abnormal spirometry results were detected in 51.7 % of pneumoconiotics – 8.6 % with restrictive, 11.2 % with obstructive, and 31.9 with mixed impairment. The prevalence of ventilatory function impairment was found to be significantly associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and age.

Conclusions:
Testing of ventilatory function has an important role in the evaluation of lung disease in employees exposed to various respirable hazards. Although such testing was not useful for diagnosing silicosis or CWP, it was important for evaluating compensation amount for occupational disease in 51.7 % pneumoconiotic patiens.

Key words:
coal workers´ pneumoconiosis – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – occupational disease – silicosis – ventilatory function

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