Autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer
Authors:
Jan Krátký; Jan Jiskra
Authors‘ workplace:
III. interní klinika 1. LF UK a VFN Praha, přednosta prof. MUDr. Štěpán Svačina, DrSc., MBA
Published in:
Vnitř Lék 2015; 61(10): 878-881
Category:
Reviews
Overview
Association between autoimmune thyroiditis (CLT) and thyroid cancer remains not clear. Although both diseases often occur simultaneously in histological samples, it is not yet clear whether CLT can be regarded as a risk factor for thyroid malignancy. This review focus on the known epidemiological and molecular genetics links between both diseases. Most studies have shown a significant association between thyroid cancer and positive antibodies to thyroglobulin and histological evidence of CLT, as well. Both disorders share some risk factors (greater incidence in women, in areas with adequate supply of iodine and in patients after radiotherapy of the neck) and molecular genetics linkage. For example: RET/PTC rearrangements could be more often found in carcinomas associated with CLT, but this mutation could be found in benign lesions such as CLT, as well. CLT seems to be a positive prognostic factor in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. It is associated with less invasive forms of tumor, lower occurrence of infiltrated lymphatic nodes and a lower risk of recurrence.
Keywords:
antithyroid antibodies – autoimmune thyroiditis – thyroid cancer – thyroid nodule
Sources
1. Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR et al. Revised American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. Thyroid 2009; 19(11): 1167–214.
2. Davies L, Welch HG. Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States, 1973–2002. JAMA 2006; 295(18): 2164–2167.
3. Kamran SC, Marqusee E, Kim MI et al. Thyroid nodule size and prediction of cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98(2): 564–570.
4. Jacobson DL, Gange SJ, Rose NR et al. Epidemiology and Estimated population burden of selected autoimmune diseases in the United States. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 1997; 84(3): 223–243.
5. McLeod DS, Cooper DS. The incidence and prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity. Endocrine 2012; 42(2): 252–265.
6. Balkwill F, Mantovani A. Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow? Lancet 2001; 357(9255): 539–545.
7. Dailey ME, Lindsay S, Skahen R. Relation of thyroid neoplasms Hashimoto‘s disease of the thyroid gland. AMA Arch Surg 1955; 70(2): 291–297.
8. Lee JH, Kim Y, Choi JW et al. The Association Between papillary thyroid carcinoma and histologically proven Hashimoto‘s thyroiditis: a meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2013; 168(3): 343–349.
9. Liu X, Zhu L, Cui D et al. Histologically Confirmed Coexistence of Hashimoto‘s thyroiditis with Different Stages of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Cohort Consecutive Chinese. Int J Endocrinol 2014; 2014:769294. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/769294>.
10. Shu S, Plautz GE, Krauss JC et al. Tumor immunology. JAMA 1997; 278(22): 1972–1981.
11. Azizi G, Keller JM, Lewis M et al. Association of Hashimoto‘s thyroiditis with thyroid cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21(6): 845–852.
12. Kim EC, Lim DJ, Baek KH et al. Thyroglobulin antibody is associated with Increased cancer risk in thyroid nodules. Thyroid 2010; 20(8): 885–891.
13. Boi F, Lai ML, Marziano B et al. High prevalence of suspicious cytology in thyroid nodules associated with positive thyroid autoantibodies. Eur J Endocrinol. 2005; 153(5): 637–642.
14. Fiore E, Rago T, Scutari M et al. Papillary thyroid cancer, although Strongly associated with lymphocytic infiltration on histology, is only weakly predicted by serum thyroid auto-antibodies in patients with nodular thyroid diseases. J Endocrinol Invest 2009; 32(4): 344–351.
15. Loh KC, Greenspan FS, Dong F et al. Influence of lymphocytic thyroiditis on the prognostic outcome of Patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84(2): 458–463.
16. Souza SL, Montalli da Assumpção LV, Ward LS. Impact of previous thyroid autoimmune diseases on prognosis of Patients with well-Differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2003; 13(5): 491–495.
17. Tam AA, Kaya C, Kılıç FB et al. Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer in Graves‘ disease. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol 2014; 58(9): 933–938.
18. Belfiore A, Russo D, Vigneri R et al. Graves‘ disease, thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2001; 55(6): 711–718.
19. Cunha LL, Ferreira RC, Marcello MA et al. Clinical and pathological implications of concurrent disorders and Autoimmune thyroid papillary thyroid cancer. J Thyroid Res 2011; 2011: 387062. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/387062>.
20. Weetman AP. Cellular immune responses in autoimmune thyroid disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2004; 61(4): 405–413.
21. Pacifico F, Leonardi A. Role of NF-κB in the thyroid cancer. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010; 321(1): 29–35.
22. Muzza M, Degl‘innocenti D, Colombo C et al. The tight Relationship between papillary thyroid cancer, autoimmunity and inflammation: clinical and molecular studies. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2010; 72(5): 702–708.
23. Guarino V, Castellon MD, Avilla E et al. Thyroid Cancer and Inflammation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2010; 321(1): 94–102.
24. Kim SK, Song KH, Lim SO et al. Clinical and pathological features and the BRAF mutation in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma with and without Hashimoto thyroiditis. Thyroid 2009; 19(2): 137–141.
25. Weber F. Lymphocytes and thyroid cancer: more to it Than Meets the Eye? Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21(3): C1-C5. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ERC-14–0229>.
26. Cunha LL, Marcello MA, Ward LS. The role of the inflammatory microenvironment in thyroid carcinogenesis. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21(3): R85-R103. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ERC-13–0431>.
Labels
Diabetology Endocrinology Internal medicineArticle was published in
Internal Medicine
2015 Issue 10
Most read in this issue
- Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea
- Systemic glucocorticoids treatment: practical view
- Adrenal incidentaloma
- Adrenal insufficiency