Contact Hypersensitivity to Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Additives in Patients with Eczema

Czech version

Authors: E. Dastychová; M. Nečas
Authors‘ workplace: I. dermatovenerologická klinika LF MU a FN U sv. Anny v Brně přednosta doc. MUDr. Vladimír Vašků, CSc.
Published in: Čes-slov Derm, 85, 2010, No. 2, p. 78-90
Category: Clinical and laboratory Research

Overview

Additives in topical dermatologics and cosmetics might act as hidden allergens, especially, in patient with chronic eczema. They include preservatives, emulgators and antioxidants. Out of the group of 2 400 patients with chronic eczema (1 655 females and 745 males, mean age 44,4 years), examined during years 2001–2009, in 953 patients atopic eczema was the main diagnosis. Patch tests included 27 additives including five of the European Standard Series (parabens-mix, lanolin alcohol, kathon CG, quaternium-15, formaldehyde). Contact sensitization to at least one allergen was found in 751 patients (31%). The most frequent allergen was lanolin alcohol (3,3% of patients), bronopol (1,7%), dibromdicyanobutane/phenoxyethanol (1,5%), kathon CG (1,4%), chloracetamide (1,3%), chlorhexidine digluconate and benzalkonium chloride (1,2%), parabens (1%), diazolidinyl urea (0,9%), quaternium-15 (0,8%), imidazolidinyl urea (0,6%). Frequency of senzibilization to particular additives was compared in different localization of eczema, e.g. face and neck, hands and forearms, feet and shins and in generalized eczema. No statistically significant difference between males and females was found in frequency of senzibilization evaluated by binomial test on the 5% significance level. The senzibilization frequency in atopic patients was significantly increased in comparison to non-atopic patients.

Key words:
contact eczema – preservatives – antioxidants – emulgators

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Article was published in

Czech-Slovak Dermatology

2010 Issue 2