Resorption of Root Apex during Orthodontic Tooth Intrusion Using Light and Heavy Forces
Authors:
I. Marek 1; J. Kučera 1,2; M. Kamínek 1
Authors‘ workplace:
Klinika zubního lékařství LF UP a FN, Olomouc
1; Ústav klinické a experimentální stomatologie 1. LF UK a VFN, Praha
2
Published in:
Česká stomatologie / Praktické zubní lékařství, ročník 113, 2014, 4, s. 94-102
Category:
Original Article – Clinical Prospective Study
Věnováno prof. MUDr. Janu Kilianovi, DrSc., k významnému životnímu jubileu
Overview
Introduction, aim:
The aim of this prospective study was to find a relationship between the external apical resorption and magnitude of orthodontic force during tooth intrusion. Relationship between the amount of intrusion and the extent of root resorption was investigated as well.
Methods:
The sample included 34 premolars in 17 patients. The light force (LF – 50 cN) and heavy intrusion force (HF – 150 cN) were applied on contra-lateral teeth. The measurements were performed at time before treatment (T0) and after six-month intrusion (T1). The measurements were registered also on the extracted premolars at the end of experiment. Two clinical parameters, four Cone Beam CT parameters and two parameters on extracted teeth were evaluated. The differences were statistically processed with two-sample t-test.
Results:
The extent of intrusion was significantly greater during heavy force activation; it was almost three times higher in comparison with light force (4.64 mm compared to 1.53 mm). The tooth was shortened at vestibular site in both groups (0.31 mm in LF and 0.67 mm in HF). However, the difference between both groups was not statistically significant (p = 0.06). The significantly shortened tooth was at palatal site in both groups (0.49 mm and 0.75 mm) and the difference was also not significant (p = 0.37). In comparison of root lengths, they were significantly shorter at vestibular site (0.49 mm and 0.75 mm), but the difference between groups was not significant (p = 0.18).
Conclusion:
Heavy forces lead to a more extensive intrusion in comparison with light forces. Significant root length shortening occurs after the intrusion with both 50 cN and 150 cN force. The relationship between the amount of intrusion force or the extent of intrusion and the apical root resorption was not confirmed.
Keywords:
intrusion – light and heavy intrusion force – apical root resorption – premolar
Sources
1. Alexander, S. A.: Levels of root resorption associated with continuous arch and sectional arch mechanics. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 110, 1996, č. 3, s. 321–324.
2. Al-Qawasmi, R. A., Hartsfield, Jr. J. K., Everett, E. T., Flury, L., Liu, L., Foroud, T. M., Macri, J. V., Roberts, W. E.: Genetic predisposition to apical root resorption. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 123, 2003, č. 3, s. 242–252.
3. Årtun, J., Smale, I., Behbehani, F., Doppel, D., Van’t Hof, M., Kuijpers-Jagtman, A. M.: Apical root resorption six and 12 months after initiation of fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. Angle Orthodont., roč. 75, 2005, č. 6, s. 919–926.
4. Ballard, D., Chan, E., Petocz, P., Darendeliler, M. A.: Comparison of root resorption after 4 versus 8 weeks of light and heavy forces. Book of abstracts, 83rd Congress EOS, Berlin, 20.–24. 6. 2007.
5. Beck, B. W., Harris, E. F.: Apical root resorption in orthodontically treated subjects: Analysis of edgewise and light wire mechanics. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 105, 1994, č. 4, s. 350–361.
6. Burstone, C. J., van Steenbergen, E., Hanley, K.: Modern edgewise mechanics and the segmented arch technique. Farmigton, Department of Orthodontics University of Connecticut Health Center, 1995, s. 121.
7. Capan, C., Isik, F., Arun, T.: Tooth movement characteristics with different amounts of forces. Book of abstracts, 81. kongres EOS, Amsterdam, 3.–7. 6. 2005.
8. Carrillo, R., Roossouw, E., Franco, P. F., Opperman, L. A., Buschang, P. H.: Intrusion of multiradicular teeth and related root resorption with mini-screw implant anchorage : A radiographic evaluation. Amer. J. Orthod. dentofacial. Orthop., roč. 132, 2007, č. 5, s. 647–655.
9. Casa, M. A., Faltin, R. M., Faltin, K., Sander, F. G., Arana-Chavez, V. E.: Root resorptions in upper first premolars after application of continuous torque moment. Intra-individual study. J. Orofac. Orthop., roč. 62, 2001, č. 4, s. 285–295.
10. Costopoulos, G., Nanda, R.: An evaluation of root resorption incident to orthodontic intrusion. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 109, 1996, č. 5, s. 543–548.
11. Dahlberg, G.: Statistical methods for medical and biological students. London: George Allen Unwin, 1940.
12. Dellinger, E. L.: A histologic and cephalometric investigation of premolar intrusion in the Macaca speciosa monkey. Amer. J. Orthodont., roč. 53, 1967, č. 5, s. 325–355.
13. Dermaut, L. R., De Munck, A.: Apical root resorption of upper incisors caused by intrusive tooth movement: A radiographic study. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 90, 1986, č. 4, s. 321–326.
14. DeShields, R. W.: A study of root resorption in treated Clas II Division 1 malocclusion. Angle Orthodont., roč. 39, 1969, s. 231–245.
15. Dorow, C., Sander, F. G.: Development of a model for the simulation of orthodontic load first premolars using the finite element method. J. Orofac. Orthop., roč. 66, 2005, č. 3, s. 208–218.
16. Ericson, S., Kurol, J.: Resorption of incisors after ectopic eruption of maxillary canines: A CT study. Angle Orthodont., roč. 70, 2000, č. 6, s. 415–423.
17. Faltin, R. M., Arana-Chavez, V. E., Faltin, K., Sander, F. G., Wichelhaus, A.: Root resorption in upper first premolar after application of continuous intrusive forces. J. Orofac. Orthop., roč. 59, 1998, č. 4, s. 208–219.
18. Faltin, R. M., Faltin, K., Sander, F. G., Arana-Chavez, V. E.: Ultrastructure of cementum and periodontal ligament after continuous intrusion in humans: a transmission electron microscopy study. Eur. J. Orthodont., roč. 23, 2001, č. 1, s. 35–49.
19. de Freitas, M. R., Beltrao, R. T., Janson, G., Henriques, J. F., Chiquete, K.: Evaluation of root resorption after open bite treat-ment with and without extractions. Amer. J. Orthod. dentofacial.Orthop., roč. 132, 2007, č. 2, s. 143–144.
20. Gonzales, C., Hotokezaka, H., Yoshimatsu, M., Darendeliler, M. A., Yoshida, N.: Force magnitude and durativ effects on amount of tooth movement and root resorptionin the rat molar. Angle. Orthodont., roč. 78, 2007, č. 3, s. 502–509.
21. Harris, D. A., Jones, A. S., Darendeliler, M. A.: Physical properties of root cementum: Part 8. Volumetric analysis of root resorption craters after application of controlled intrusive light and heavy orthodontic forces: A microcomputed tomography scan study. Amer. J. Orthod. dentofacial. Orthop., roč. 130, 2006, č. 5, s. 639–647.
22. Harry, M. R., Sims, M. R.: Root resorption in bicuspid intrusion: a scanning electromicroscopic study. Angle Orthodont., roč. 52, 1982, č. 3, s. 235–258.
23. Hendrix, I., Carels, C., Kuijpers-Jagtman, A. M., Van‘T Hof, M. V.: A radiographic study of posterior apical root resorption in orthodontic patients. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 105, 1994, č. 4, s. 345–349.
24. Hofman, Z.: Resorpce v souvislosti s ortodontickou léčbou. Atestační práce z ortodoncie, 2005.
25. Hohmann, A., Wolfram, U., Geiger, M., Boryor, A., Sander, C., Faltin, R., Faltin, K., Sandler, F. G.: Periodontal ligament hydrostatic pressure with areas of root resorption after application of a continuous torque moment. Angle Orthodont., roč. 77, 2007, č. 4, s. 653–659.
26. Chan, E., Darendeliler, M. A., Petocz, P., Jones, A. S.: A new method for volumetric measurement of orthodontically induced root resorption craters. Eur. J. Oral Sci., roč. 112, 2004, č. 2, s. 134–139.
27. Chan, E., Darendeliler, M. A.: Physical properties of root cementum: Part 5. Volumetric analysis of root resorption craters after application of light and heavy orthodontic forces. Amer. J. Orthod. dentofacial. Orthop., roč. 127, 2005, č. 2, s. 186–195.
28. Chan, E., Darendeliler, M. A.: Physical properties of root cementum: Part 7. Extent of root resorption under areas of compression and tension. Amer. J. Orthod. dentofacial. Orthop., roč. 129, 2006, č. 4, s. 504–510.
29. Kamínek, M., Štefková, M.: Ortodoncie II. 1. vydání Olomouc: SPN, 1991, s. 32–39.
30. Kjær, I.: Morphological characteristics of dentitions developing excessive root resorption during orthodontic treatment. Eur. J. Orthodont., roč. 17, 1995, č. 1, s. 25–34.
31. Kurol, J., Owman-Moll, P., Lundgren, D.: Time-related root resorption after application of a controlled continuous orthodontic force. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 110, 1996, č. 3, s. 303–310.
32. Kurol, J., Owman-Moll, P.: Hyalinization and root resorption during early orthodontic tooth movement in adolescents. Angle Orthodont., roč. 68, 1998, č. 2, s. 161–165.
33. Levander, E., Bajka, R., Malmgren, O.: Early radiographic diagnosis of apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment: a study of maxillary incisors. Eur. J. Orthodont., roč. 20, 1998, č. 1, s. 57–63.
34. Linge, B. O., Linge, L.: Apical root resorption in upper anterior teeth. Eur. J. Orthodont., roč. 5, 1983, č. 3, s. 173–183.
35. Maltha, J. C., Dijkman, G. E. H. M.: Discontinuous forces cause less extensive root resorption than continuous forces. Eur. J. Orthodont., roč. 18, 1996, s. 420.
36. Marek, I., Kučera, J., Kamínek, M.: Remodelace kosti alveolárního výběžku během ortodontické intruze s použitím malých a velkých sil. Ortodoncie, roč. 22, 2013, č. 4, s. 211–223.
37. Marek, I., Špidlen, M., Kamínek, M.: Resorpce apexu kořene řezáků III. Vliv typů léčby a rizikové faktory. Ortodoncie, roč. 10, 2001, č. 2, s. 26–33.
38. McFadden, W. M., Engstrom, C., Engstrom, H., Anholm, J. M.: A study of the relationship between incisor intrusion and root shortening. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 96, 1989, č. 5, s. 390–396.
39. McNab, S., Battistutta, D., Taverne, A., Symons, A. L.: External apical root resorption following orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthodont., roč. 70, 2000, č. 3, s. 227–232.
40.Mirabella, A. D., Årtun, J.: Risk factors for apical root resorption of maxillary anterior teeth in adult orthodontic patients. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 108, 1995, č. 1, s. 48–55.
41. Murakami, T., Yokota, S., Takahama, Y.: Periodontal ganges after experimentally induced intrusion of the upper incisors in Macaca fuscata monkeys. Amer. J. Orthod. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 95, 1989, č. 2, s. 115–126.
42. Oppenheim, A.: Human tissue response to orthodontic intervention of short and long duration. Amer. J. Orthodont., roč. 28, 1942, s. 263–301.
43. Owman-Moll, P., Kurol, J., Lundgren, D.: The effects of a four-fold increased orthodontic force magnitude on tooth movement and root resorptions. An intra-individual study in adolescents. Eur. J. Orthodont., roč. 18, 1996, č. 3, s. 287–294.
44. Owman-Moll, P., Kurol, J.: The early reparative process of orthodontically induced root resorption in adolescents – location and type of tissue. Eur. J. Orthodont., roč. 20, 1998, č. 6, s. 727–732.
45. Parker, R. J., Harris, E. F.: Directions of orthodontic tooth movements associated with external apical root resorption of the maxillary central incisor. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 114, 1998, č. 6, s. 677–683.
46. Reitan, K.: Initial tissue behavior during apical root resorption. Angle Orthodont., roč. 44, 1974, č. 1, s. 68–82.
47. Reitan, K., Rygh, P.: Biomechanical principles and reactions. In Graber, T. M., Vanarsdall, Jr., R. L.: Orthodontics current principles and techniques. 2nd ed. St. Louis, Mosby – Year Book, 1994, s. 96–192.
48. Ren, Y., Maltha, J. C.: Age effect on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. J. Dent. Res., roč. 82, 2003, s. 38–42.
49. Spence, T. M.: A prospective study of apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment and into retention. Amer. J. Orthodont. dentofacial Orthop., roč. 119, 2001, č. 4, s. A1.
50. VanLoenen, M., dePauw, G., Dermaut, L.: Apical root resorption of upper incisors caused by torque using the tip-edge appliance. Book of abstracts, 81 kongres EOS, Amsterdam, 3.–7. 6. 2005.
51. VonderAhe, G.: Postretention status of maxillary incisors with root-end resorption. Angle Orthodont., roč. 43, 1973, č. 3, s. 247–255.
Labels
Maxillofacial surgery Orthodontics Dental medicineArticle was published in
Czech Dental Journal
2014 Issue 4
Most read in this issue
- Oral Health in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
- Resorption of Root Apex during Orthodontic Tooth Intrusion Using Light and Heavy Forces
- Orofacial Injuries in Children of Primary Schools in Pilsen
- Impact of Inhalation of Factory-Prepared Equimolar Mixture Nitrous Oxide/Oxygen during Dental Setting on Children´s Behavior