Použití sklérálních štěpů v oční chirurgii. Přehled

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Authors: Jakub Dítě; Magdalena Netuková; Alexandra Procházková; Martina Poláchová; Katarína Krivosheev; Pavel Studený
Authors‘ workplace: Oftalmologická klinika 3. lékařské fakulty Univerzity Karlovy a Fakultní nemocnice Královské Vinohrady v Praze
Published in: Čes. a slov. Oftal., 80, 2024, No. Ahead of print, p. 1-8
Category: Review Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.31348/2024/11

Overview

Cíle: Shrnout historii i současné trendy ve využití sklérálních štěpů v oftalmologii.

Materiál a metody: Provedli jsme analýzu literatury prostřednictvím databází MEDLINE a Cochrane Library. Hledaná hesla byla “sclera”, “graft”, “surgery”. Výsledkem vyhledávání bylo 1596 článků, z nichž jsme 192 vyhodnotili jako relevantní. Relevantní články byly seřazeny chronologicky a dle způsobu využití sklerálních štěpu, což umožnilo vypracování přehledového článku.

Výsledky: Skléra se v oftalmologii rutinně používá od padesátých let dvacátého století, a to v mnoha různých indikacích. Některé z nich se časem staly prakticky obsoletními (například využití při operačním řešení amoce sítnice), ale velká část nachází uplatnění dodnes (zejména využití v glaukomové či okuloplastické chirurgii, případně jako záplata při defektu skléry nebo rohovky).

Závěr: I přesto, že je v současné době alogenní skléra oproti jiným produktům tkáňového bankovnictví v oftalmologii využívána spíše méně často a okruh jejích indikací se částečně zúžil, zůstává vzhledem ke své dostupnosti a vlastnostem užitečným a perspektivním materiálem.

Klíčová slova:

chirurgie – přehled – oftalmologie – skléra – štěp

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