#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Appropriate management of procedural pain in newborn infants


Authors: L. Časnocha Lúčanová;  K. Maťašová
Authors‘ workplace: Neonatologická klinika, Jesseniova lekárska fakulta UK a Univerzitná nemocnica, Martin
Published in: Čes-slov Neonat 2023; 29 (1): 56-62.
Category: Reviews

Overview

Painful procedures are unavoidable in care of preterm and critically ill neonates in the NICU. Neonatal pain has the potential for shortterm and long-term adverse sequelae. Therefore, the number of painful procedures should be controlled to the minimum. If a procedure is not urgent and life-saving, it has to be carefully planned, deciding for appropriate pain control strategies. Pain indicators have to be monitored, it is essential to use reliable pain assessment tools. Novel evidence, type of procedure and infant’s characteristics have to be considered in order to prevent and reduce procedural pain adequately. Nonpharmacological techniques to control pain should be employed whenever possible. When pharmacological strategies are being administered, it is effective to combine them with nonpharmacological methods. Fear of medications' adverse effects should not result in tolerance of procedural pain in neonates. However, vulnerability of neonatal organism and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome have to be kept in mind.

Keywords:

analgesia – opioids – Pain – pain assessment tool


Sources

1. AAP Committee on fetus and newborn and Section on anesthesiology and pain medicine. Prevention and management of procedural pain in the neonate: an update. Pediatrics 2016; 137(2): e20154271.

2. Allegaert K. A critical review on the relevance of paracetamol for procedural pain management in neonates. Front Pediatr 2020; 8. doi.org/10.3389/fped.2020.

3. Badr LK. Pain in premature infants: What is conclusive evidence and what is not. Newborn Infant Nurs Rev 2013; 13(2): 82–86.

4. Badr LK, Abdallah B, Hawari M, Sidani S, Kassar M, Nakad P, Breidi J. Determinants of premature infant pain responses to heel sticks. Pediatr Nurs 2010; 36(3): 129–136.

5. Balice-Bourgois C, Zumstein-Shaha M, Vanoni F, Jaques C, Newman CJ, Simonetti GD. A systematic review of clinical practice guidelines for acute procedural pain on neonates. Clin J Pain 2020; 36(5): 390–398.

6. Bellieni CV, Tei M, Coccina F, Buonocore G. Sensorial saturation for infant‘s pain. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2012; 25(Suppl 1): 79–81.

7. Bellú R, de Waal K, Zanini R. Opioids for neonates receiving mechanical ventilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2010; 95: F244–F251.

8. Brummelte S, Grunau RE, Chau V, Poskitt KJ, Brant R, Vinall J, Gover A, Synnes AR, Miller SP. Procedural pain and brain development in premature newborns. Ann Neurol 2012; 71(3): 385–396.

9. Carbajal R. Neonatal pain. In: Boyle E, Cusack J. (eds). Emerging Topics and Controversies in Neonatology. Cham: Springer 2020; 485–501. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28829-7_28

10. Carbajal R, Verapeen S, Couderc S, Jugie M, Ville Y. Analgesic effect of breast feeding in term neonates: randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2003; 326: 13.

11. Cignacco E, Hamers JPH, Stoffel L, van Lingen RA, Gessler P, McDougall J, Nelle M. The efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions in the management of procedural pain in opreterm and term neonates: a systematic literature review. European Journal of Pain 2007; 11: 139–152.

12. Cobo MM, Hartley C, Gursul D, Andritsou F, van der Vaart M, Mellado GS, Baxter L, et al. Quantifying noxious-evoked baseline sensitivity in neonates to optimise analgesic trials. eLife 2021; 10: e65266.

13. Duerden EG, Grunau RE, Guo T, Foong J, Pearson A, Au-Young S, et al. Early procedural pain is associated with reagionally-specific alterations in thalamic development in preterm neonates. J Neurosci 2018; 38(4): 878–886.

14. Gursul D, Goksan S, Hartley C, Mellado GS, Moultrie F, Hoskin A, Adams E, Hathway G, Walker S, McGlone F, Slater R. Stroking modulates noxious-evoked brain activity in human infants. Curr Biol 2018; 28(24): R1365–R1381.

15. Harrison D, Larocque C, Bueno M, Stokes Y, Turner L, Hutton B, Stevens B. Sweer solutions to reduce procedural pain in neonates: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2017; 139(1): e20160955.

16. Hartley C, Moultrie F, Hoskin A, Green G, Monk V, Bell JL, King AR, et al. Analgesic efficacy and safety of morphine in the procedural pain in premature infants (Poppi) study: randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2018; 392: 2595–2605.

17. Heaton PA, Fernando AM, Herd D. Correspondence: oral sucrose for procedural pain in infants. Lancet 2011; 377: 25.

18. Henderson AJ, Shaheen SO. Acetaminophen and asthma. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews 2013; 14(1): 9–16. 

19. Johnston C, Campbell-Yeo M, Fernandes A, et al. Skin-to-skin care for procedural pain in neonates. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 1: CD008435.

20. Lago P, Garetti E, Boccuzzo G, Merazzi D, Pirelli A, Pieragostini L, Piga S, Cuttini M, Ancora G. Procedural pain in neonates: the state of the art in the implementation of national guidelines in Italy. Pediatric Anesthesia 2013; 23: 407–414.

21. Lago P, Garetti E, Merazzi D, Pieragostini L, Ancora G, Pirelli A, Bellieni CV. Guidelines for procedural pain in the newborn. Acta Paediatrica 2009; 98: 932–939.

22. Lim Y, Godambe S. Prevention and management of procedural pain in the neonate: an update, American Academy of Pediatrics, 2016. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 2017; 102: 254–256. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2016-311066.

23. Neofax. Micromedex NeoFax Essentials 2020. IBM Corporation 2020. Dostupné na: https://www.micromedexsolutions.com/ micromedex2/librarian

24. Olsson E, Ahl H, Bengtsson K, Vejayaram DN, Norman E, Bruschettini M, Eriksson M. The use and reporting of neonatal pain scales: a systematic review of randomized trials. Pain 2021; 162(2): 353–360.

25. Pokorna P, Sima M, Koch B, Tibboel D, Slanar O. Sufentanil disposition and pharmacokinetic model-based dosage regimen for sufentanil in ventilated full-term neonates. Pharmacology 2021; 106: 384–389.

26. Saugstad OD. Acetaminophen and the developing brain: reason for concern? Neonatology 2020; 117: 245–248.

27. Sellas MN, Kyllonen KC, Lepak MR, Rodriguez RJ. Dexmedetomidine for the management of postoperative pain and sedation in newborns. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2019; 24(3): 227–233.

28. Shah PS, Aliwalas LI, Shah V. Breastfeeding or breast milk for procedural pain in neonates. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 12: 1–96.

29. Shah V, Ohlsson A. Venipuncture versus heel lance for blood sampling in term neonates. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007; 4: CD001452.

30. Simons SHP, van Dijk M, Anand KS, Roofthooft D, van Lingen RA, Tibboel D. Do we still hurt newborn babies? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2003; 157: 1058–1064.

31. Slater L, Asmeron Y, Boskovic DS, Bahjri K, Plank MS, Angeles KR, et al. Procedural pain and oxidative stress in premature neonates. The Journal of Pain 2012; 13(6): 590–597.

32. Slater R, Cornelissen L, Fabrizi L, Patten D, Yoxen J, Worley A, Boyd S, Meek J, Fitzgerald M. Oral sucrose as an analgesic drug for procedural pain in newborn infants: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2010; 376: 1225–1232.

33. Smith HAB, Besunder JB, Betters KA, Johnson PN, Srinivasan V, Stormorken A, Farrington E, et al. 2022 Society of critical care medicine clinical practice guidelines on prevention and management of pain, agitation, neuromuscular blockade, and delirium in critically ill pediatric patients with consideration of the ICU environment and early mobility. Pediatric Critical Care Medicine 2022; 23(2): e74–e110.

34. Stevens BJ, Gibbins S, Yamada J, et al. The premature infant pan profile-revise (PIPP-R): initial validation and feasibility. Clin J Pain 2014; 30: 238–243.

35. Stevens B, Yamada J, Ohlsson A, et al. Sucrose for analgesia in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 7: CD001069.

36. Van den Anker JN, Allegaert K. Acetaminophen use in pregnant women and their neonates: safe or unsafe till proven otherwise? Neonatology 2020; 117: 249–251.

37. Vitali SH. Anesthesia and analgesia. In: Boardman JP, Groves AM, Ramasethu J. Avery and MacDonald´s neonatology. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer 2021; 316–325.

38. Williams MD, Lascelles BDX. Early neonatal pain: a review of clinical and experimental implications on painful conditions later in life. Frontiers in Pediatrics 2020; 8: 30. doi: 10.3389/ fped.2020.00030.

39. Wilson-Smith EM. Procedural pain management in neonatesm infants and children. Reviews in Pain 2011; 5(3): 4–12.

Labels
Neonatology Neonatal Nurse
Topics Journals
Login
Forgotten password

Enter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.

Login

Don‘t have an account?  Create new account

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#