Účinky onkolytického viru Newcastleské choroby na imunitní odpověď – nová problematika v léčbě nádorových onemocnění

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Authors: W. Kooti ¹; H. Gouvarchin Ghaleh Esmaeili ¹; M. Farzanehpour ¹; R. Dorostkar ¹; B. Jalali Kondori ²; M. Bolandian ¹
Authors‘ workplace: Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ¹; Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ²
Published in: Klin Onkol 2023; 36(2): 124-129
Category: Original Articles
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/ccko2023124

Overview

Východiska: Každý rok jsou milionům lidí diagnostikována nádorová onemocnění a jejich léčba představuje pro plátce zdravotní péče finanční zátěž. V oblasti nádorových onemocnění byl učiněn velký pokrok; jednou z nejnovějších metod je využití onkolytických virů. Cílem této studie bylo hodnocení vliv divokých kmenů onkolytického viru Newcastleské choroby (Newcastle disease virus wild-type strains – NDV-WTS) na imunitní systém. Materiál a metody: Čtyřicet myší bylo rozděleno do čtyř skupin (10 zvířat v každé skupině). Kontrolní skupině byl aplikován fosfátový pufr a experimentálním skupinám 1 (NDV-WTS 1), 2 (NDV-WTS 2) a 3 (NDV-WTS 3) byl 0., 14. a 28. den aplikován Newcastleský virus v titrech 10^–1, 10^–2 a 10^–3. Třicátý první den bylo zvířatům do levého chodidla vpíchnuto 100 µl Newcastleského viru. Po 48 hodinách byla měřena přecitlivělost oddáleného typu (delayed-type hypersensitivity – DTH). Třicátý třetí den byly izolovány peritoneální makrofágy. Pak byla měřena proliferace buněk pomocí methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) testu. Rovněž bylo hodnoceno vychytávání neutrální červeně a respirační vzplanutí makrofágů. Data byla analyzována pomocí statistického software SPSS, verze 19. Výsledky: Výsledky DTH testu ukázaly otok chodidla u kontrolní skupiny a ve skupinách NDV-WTS 1, NDV-WTS 2 a NDV-WTS 3 z 23,5 %, 23,5 %, 23,6 % a 23,6 %. V tomto ohledu nebyly mezi jednotlivými skupinami významné rozdíly (p > 0,05). Negativní nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test jakožto indikátor respiračního vzplanutí makrofágů neprokázal mezi skupinami významné rozdíly (p > 0,05). Vychytávání neutrální červeně a MTT test rovněž neukázaly mezi skupinami významné rozdíly (p > 0,05). Závěr: Výsledky této studie svědčí o tom, že DV-WTS v dávkách 10^–1, 10^–2 a 10^–3 nemají na normální zdravé buňky žádné vedlejší účinky.

Klíčová slova:

nádorová onemocnění – virus – Newcastleský virus – imunitní systém – onkolytický virus – myši

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