Incidencia a mortalita na karcinóm prostaty vo vybraných krajinách strednej Európy

English version

Authors: M. Ondrusova ¹; J. Muzik ²; J. Kliment ³; G. Gulis ⁴; D. Ondrus ⁵
Authors‘ workplace: Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ¹; Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses at the Faculty of Medicine and the Faculty of Science of the Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic ²; Department of Urology, Comenius University, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Martin, Slovak Republic ³; Unit for Health Promotion Research, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark ⁴; 1st Department of Oncology, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine, St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovak Republic ⁵
Published in: Klin Onkol 2011; 24(2): 126-132
Category: Original Articles

Overview

Východiská:
Predkladaná publikácia analyzuje incidenciu a mortalitu na karcinóm prostaty v Slovenskej republike (SR) a Českej republike (ČR) (predstaviteľov krajín strednej Európy s populačnými onkologickými registrami) pred a po zavedení vyšetrovania PSA, pátra po možných zdôvodneniach rozdielov ich vývoja a porovnáva výsledky s vybranými regiónmi a krajinami sveta.

Materiál, metódy a výsledky:
Štandardizovaná incidencia karcinómu prostaty v SR stúpla z hodnôt 14,6/100 000 v roku 1968 na 36,2/100 000 v roku 2005. Očakávaný ročný nárast incidencie bol v rokoch 1968–1991 (pred zavedením PSA vyšetrovania do klinickej praxe) 0,421, avšak v rokoch 1991–2003 už 0,941. Mortalita vzrástla z hodnôt 7,3/100 000 v roku 1968 na 14,9/100 000 v roku 2005. Incidencia rástla rýchlejšie v ČR ako v SR, z 15,8/100 000 v roku 1977 na 59,5/100 000 v roku 2005. Očakávaný ročný nárast incidencie v ČR v rokoch 1977–1991 bol 0,581, v rokoch 1991–2003 to bolo 1,981. Pred rokom 1991 mortalita rástla prudšie v ČR ako v SR, kým po zavedení vyšetrovania PSA sa rýchlejšie stabilizovala v ČR ako v SR. V SR sa významná redukcia mortality pozoruje až po roku 2002 a pravdepodobne nie je spôsobená len intenzívnejším vyšetrovaním PSA.

Záver:
Rozdiel v incidencii a mortalite na karcinóm prostaty v SR a v ČR je pravdepodobne výsledkom rozdielu v intenzite vyšetrovania PSA, ako aj skorším zavedením efektívnej liečby v ČR.

Kľúčové slová:
karcinóm – incidencia – mortalita – prostata – PSA

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