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News How Does Erdosteine Perform in Combination with Antibiotics?
Erdosteine is an oral mucoactive drug that reduces mucus viscosity by degrading disulfide bonds in the mucin polymer. It achieves this effect through a free thiol group in its main active metabolite, N-thiodiglycolyl-homocysteine. In addition to its mucolytic action, erdosteine exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and reduces bacterial adhesion, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of certain antibiotics. We provide a summary of study results demonstrating its effect on enhancing the efficacy of drugs administered in the treatment of respiratory diseases.
News Impact of Combined Oral Contraceptives on Body Weight
A relatively recent study investigated changes in the average body weight of women who used combined oral contraceptives with 30 μg ethinylestradiol (EE) and 3 mg drospirenone (DRSP) or 30 μg EE and 2 mg chlormadinone acetate (CMA) for 6 months, comparing the results between the two groups.
News A Decade of Therapy Targeting B Lymphocytes in MS
Ocrelizumab is not only a pioneer but also a highly effective and still promising modality for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) with excellent patient adherence and persistence.
News How to Achieve Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling and Improve Outcomes in Heart Failure? Summary from HFA ESC Webinar
The current treatment algorithm for chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is well-known to clinicians. But how was its current form developed, and does it have the potential to change in the future? Experts discussed this and more at a web symposium on reverse remodeling sponsored by Novartis during the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology (HFA ESC) congress. Notable presenters included HFA ESC President Professor Petar Seferovic and Professor Carolyn Lam from the National Heart Centre in Singapore.
News Economic Costs and Concomitant FVIII Consumption in Hemophilia Patients Treated with Emicizumab in the 1st Year − A US Experience
The authors of a recent study, summarizing real-world experience from the US, focused on the concomitant consumption of FVIII (Factor VIII) concentrates during emicizumab prophylaxis and the financial costs in the first year after starting emicizumab treatment.
News An Introductory Word to the Section on Hereditary Angioedema — MUDr. Roman Hakl, Ph.D.
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a genetically conditioned disease, currently classified into HAE with C1 inhibitor deficiency (HAE-C1-INH), referred to as HAE-I and HAE-II, and HAE with normal level and function of C1 inhibitor (HAE nC1-INH), also referred to as HAE-III (1).
News HVD 2023: Cervical Cancer May Be the First Eliminated Malignancy. What Paths Will Lead to This Goal in the Czech Republic?
Cervical cancer is the 3rd most common cancer among women aged 15–44. Annually, it is diagnosed in 750–800 women in our country, and every 29 hours, one woman dies from it in the Czech Republic. However, it could become the first oncological disease that can be eliminated. How to achieve this was discussed by the chairman of the Czech Vaccinological Society ČLS JEP and Dean of the Faculty of Military Medicine at the University of Defense in Hradec Králové, Prof. MUDr. Roman Chlíbek, Ph.D., at a symposium supported by MSD during the October XVIII. Hradec Vaccinology Days (HVD).
News How TPO-RA Drugs Fared in Meta-Analyses of Safety and Efficacy in ITP Patients
Meta-analyses regarding the use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) evaluated their efficacy and safety in the treatment of primary immune thrombocytopenia over long-term follow-ups. What findings did they uncover?
News OCA in Second-Line Treatment of PBC: Analysis Results and Real-World Data
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is the cornerstone treatment for PBC according to the guidelines of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). However, many patients (25–50%) do not achieve an adequate response to it, and some patients develop intolerance leading to the necessity of discontinuation (in the phase III POISE study, this concerned 7% of participants). Then, obeticholic acid (OCA) is indicated, which is recommended as the only registered second-line treatment option for PBC by current professional guidelines both European (EASL 2017) and Czech (2018). The latest data on OCA from clinical studies as well as real-world practice was also presented at this year's XLVIII May Hepatology Days.
News Prognostic Significance of Lymphopenia for Stratification of Patients with Follicular Lymphoma
The therapy of follicular lymphoma (FL) is guided by several prognostic indices, such as the Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI). The retrospective analysis of 736 patients with FL presented below introduces a prognostic model combining FLIPI and absolute lymphopenia into an integrated FLIPI-L index. Absolute lymphopenia is crucial for stratifying patient OS and the risk of transformation.
News Finger on the Pulse of the Times with Automated Peritoneal Dialysis and Remote Patient Monitoring
The method of peritoneal dialysis brings many advantages to patients with chronic kidney disease and significantly eases their lives. Peritoneal dialysis saves time for both the patients themselves and the attending healthcare personnel. Modern medicine now offers an innovative tool that can remotely monitor the patient's condition, with the possibility of adjusting the treatment regimen.
News OHD 2024: What’s New in Data and Experiences from Real Practice with Venetoclax Regimens?
How to utilize venetoclax regimens most effectively for treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in real practice was the topic of a satellite symposium organized by AbbVie during this year’s XXXVIth Olomouc Hematology Days. Three hemato-oncologists shared their experiences with venetoclax treatment, moderated by Prof. MUDr. Tomáš Papajík, CSc., from the Department of Hemato-Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacky University and University Hospital Olomouc.
News Prognostic Model MSKCC in Patients with Metastatic Renal Carcinoma Treated in 1st Line with Sunitinib
A study by Czech authors published in 2020 demonstrated the usefulness of the MSKCC (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center) model in the prognostic stratification of patients with metastatic renal carcinoma (mRCC) treated with sunitinib in the 1st line. Additionally, a significant difference was found between the outcomes achieved in patients with intermediate risk who had one or two risk factors.
News Can the Fixed Combination of Tramadol/Acetaminophen Significantly Reduce Back Pain Uncontrolled by NSAIDs?
One way to prevent drug-related complications in the treatment of lower back pain (LBP) while improving patients' functioning in daily activities is the prescription of the weak opioid agonist tramadol in combination with acetaminophen. A smaller Japanese observational study focused on the effectiveness of this treatment in reducing the disability of patients with chronic LBP, improving their daily activities, and the occurrence of adverse events.
News Can Ketogenic Diet or Intermittent Fasting Help Patients with DM2 in Controlling Weight and Glycemia?
The foundation of managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) typically involves lifestyle adjustments, including dietary changes. Can intermittent fasting (IF) or the ketogenic diet (KD), popular dietary trends, help diabetics with weight loss and reduction of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels? The answer was sought by authors of a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing IF or KD with other dietary regimes.
News Is there a link between Parvovirus B19 infection and autoimmune thyroid diseases?
Autoimmune thyroid diseases are among the most common autoimmune disorders, with a worldwide prevalence of around 10%. The study presented below, recently published in the International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, examined the connection between Parvovirus B19 infection (the cause of erythema infectiosum in children) and these diseases.
News Model of Risk of Bleeding Associated with Physical Activity in Hemophiliacs with Factor and Non-Factor Treatment
In the treatment of hemophilia A, both FVIII concentrate replacement therapy and non-factor therapy are available today. However, there is no clinical data comparing the risk of bleeding associated with physical activity between factor and non-factor treatments. In this situation, one approach is to model possible scenarios and attempt to indirectly compare different modalities of bleeding prevention.
News Clinical Significance of Smaller Gaps Between Strengths of Levothyroxine Preparations in the Treatment of Hypothyroidism
Many levothyroxine preparations have relatively large intervals between doses (25 µg, 50 µg, and 75 µg), creating obstacles for some patients to achieve an optimal maintenance dose. The availability of tablets that allow for dosing in between these values facilitates precise and effective titration of levothyroxine doses, especially at the lower end of the spectrum.
News Probiotics as a Means to Reduce the Incidence of Streptococcus Mutans
Data from a prospective study examining the effects of probiotics on the oral microbiome show the ability of orally administered probiotics to reduce the incidence of Streptococcus mutans and also positively affect the presence of lactobacilli in the oral cavity.
News Treatment of Immune Thrombocytopenia: Choice of TPO Mimetics in Clinical Practice
Real-world data show that the administration of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in immune thrombocytopenia leads to a high percentage of treatment responses, and in some patients, it is possible to achieve a stable response without the need for further treatment after discontinuation.
News Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: What Can a General Practitioner Do?
When a previously healthy patient becomes breathless, it's never good news. Among the particularly serious issues that breathlessness can signal is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, its prognosis no longer has to be as unfavorable as before, especially if diagnosed early.
News Benefits of Enoxaparin Prophylaxis in Pregnancy and Postpartum
Study results suggest that the use of low molecular weight heparins during pregnancy could lead to better outcomes for women with thrombophilia and recurrent miscarriages. A group of authors from Israel compared the differences in efficacy when administering two different doses of enoxaparin to women with hereditary thrombophilia and a history of two or more spontaneous miscarriages or one fetal death without obvious cause.