Eating preferences of university students in connection with their body composition
Authors:
K. Petřeková 1; N. Borzenko 1; J. Strakoš 1; A. Klvačová 1; I. Kotoučková 1; J. Kruťová 1; M. Kovalová 3; P. Bujok 2
Authors‘ workplace:
Ostravská univerzita, Ostrava, Lékařská fakulta, Ústav fyziologie a patofyziologie, Vedoucí: prof. RNDr. Pavol Švorc, CSc.
1; Ostravská univerzita, Ostrava, Přírodovědecká fakulta, Katedra informatiky a počítačů, Vedoucí: doc. RNDr. PaedDr. Hashim Habiballa, Ph. D., PhD.
2; Ostravská univerzita, Ostrava, Lékařská fakulta, Ústav epidemiologie a ochrany veřejného zdraví, Vedoucí: doc. MUDr. Rastislav Maďar, PhD., MBA, FRCPS
3
Published in:
Prakt. Lék. 2022; 102(5): 241-247
Category:
Of different specialties
Overview
Introduction: Due to the growing number of people suffering from overweight, obesity or metabolic syndrome, there is a growing need to diagnose body composition and eating habits. Body composition analysis, especially the assessment of the amount and distribution of body fat in young people, is of relatively considerable clinical importance for the detection of eating disorders.
Methods: This research included students aged 19–25, body composition was measured using a bioimpedance device (BIA) InBody 370S and a questionnaire survey was conducted through students answers to standardized questionnaires - Food preference questionnaire for adolescents and adults (FPQ) and Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ). The research was execuded in the laboratories of Faculty of Medicine of the University of Ostrava from October 2020 to May 2021.
Results: It was found normal weight (kg) in 107 students (81.0%), body mass index (BMI) 105 (79.5%) students, but waist to hip ratio (WHR) has in normal range only 70 students (53 %). Above the upper limit WHR was 59 students (44.7%). In this group students (with WHR above upper limit) was evaluated the lowest popularity score in vegetable (3.96) and meat (also fish) (3.55), the highest popularity score in fruits (4.65). Fruit was the most preferred food group of all students (4.6 ± 0.61). The highest rated factor influencing the choice of food was "comfort" (3.1 ± 0.55), sensory attraction (3.1 ± 0.55) and health (3 ± 0.59). Total 88 students (66.7%) selected food to taste and 57 students (43.2%) selected food with regard to the effect of food on health.
Conclusion: At any age is prevention of obesity and its comorbidities very important. For adolescents who have a tendency to "westernization" of eating, is appropriate to remind the importance of proper eating and a suitable lifestyle in the preventive examination. When is diagnosed overweight or obesity in adolescents, general practitioner should be this patients refers to other specialized health care facilities.
Keywords:
obesity – body composition – exercise – bioimpedance – dietary preferences
Sources
1. Amoutzopoulos B, Steer T, Roberts C, et al. Free and added sugar consumption and adherence to guidelines: The UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2014/15–2015/16). Nutrients 2020; 12(2): 393.
2. Andarwulan N, Madanijah S, Briawan D, et al. Food consumption pattern and the intake of sugar, salt, and fat in the south Jakarta City-Indonesia. Nutrients 2021; 13(4): 1289.
3. Cao Q, Yu S, Xiong W, et al. Waist-hip ratio as a predictor of myocardial infarction risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine 2018; 97(30): e11639.
4. UCL Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care. Eating behaviour questionnaires, 2022 [online]. Dostupný z: https://www. ucl.ac.uk/epidemiology-health-care/research/behaviouralscience- and-health/resources/questionnaires/eating-behaviour- questionnaires [cit. 2022-06-10].
5. Elsayed, E., Tighiouart H, Weiner DE, et al. Waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index as risk factors for cardiovascular events in CKD. Waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index as risk factors for cardiovascular events in CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 2008; 52(1): 49–57.
6. Fauziana R, Jeyagurunathan A, Abdin E, et al. Body mass index, waist-hip ratio and risk of chronic medical condition in the elderly population: results from the Well-being of the Singapore Elderly (WiSE) Study. BMC Geriatr 2016; 16: 125.
7. Freedman D, Perry G. Body composition and health status among children and adolescents. Preventive Medicine 2000; 31(2): 34–53.
8. Gulati S, Misra A. Sugar intake, obesity, and diabetes in India. Nutrients 2014; 6: 5955–5974.
9. Gupta L, Khandelwal D, Dutta D, et al. The twin white herrings: salt and sugar. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2018; 22(4): 542–551.
10. Kutáč P. Základy kinantropometrie. Ostrava: Pedagogická fakulta Ostravské univerzity v Ostravě, Katedra tělesné výchovy 2009.
11. Lean ME, Han TS, Morrison CE. Waist circumference as a measure for indicating need for weight management. BMJ 1995; 311: 158–161.
12. Li C, Engström G, Hedblad B, et al. Sex differences in the relationships between BMI, WHR and incidence of cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study. Int J Obes 2006; 30(12): 1775–1781.
13. Melanson KJ, Summers A, Nguyen V, et al. Body composition, dietary composition, and components of metabolic syndrome treatments focused on portion control, energy density, or glycemic index. Nutr J 2012; 11: 57.
14. Narmeen JAA, Hiba FAS, Zeinah AZ, Reema FT. Dietary and lifestyle habits among university students at different academic years. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 2021; 44(1): 236–242.
15. Pichlerová D. Obezita, diagnostika a léčba v ordinaci praktického lékaře. Med praxi 2016; 13(4): 204–210.
16. Ramón AE, Granada-López JM, Martínez-Abadía B, et al. Factors related to diet quality: a cross-sectional study of 1055 university students. Nutrients 2021; 13(10): 3512.
17. Sogari G, Velez AC, Gómez M, Mora C. College students and eating habits: A study using an ecological model for healthy behavior. Nutrients 2018; 10(12): 1823.
18. Suliga E, Cieśla E, Michel S, et al. Diet quality compared to the nutritional knowledge of Polish, German, and Slovakian university students-preliminary research. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17(23): 9062.
19. WHO. European obesity report. Geneva: World Health Organization 2022 [online]. Dostupný z: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/ pdf_file/0010/537949/EuropeanObesityReport-2022-FS.pdf [cit. 2022-06-10].
20. WHO. Europe to launch new sugar and calorie reduction initiative led by the United Kingdom. Geneva: World Health Organization 2022 [online]. Dostupný z: https://www.euro.who.int/en/ health-topics/disease-prevention/nutrition/news/news/2022/01/ whoeurope-to-launch-new-sugar-and-calorie-reduction-initiative- led-by-the-united-kingdom [cit. 2022-06-10].
21. Yadav MK, Priyanka A, Upreti U, et al. Importance of small fish in human nutrition. Agri-India Today 2021; 1(4): 10–12.
22. Společnost pro výživu. Zdravá třináctka – stručná výživová doporučení pro obyvatelstvo; 2021 [online]. Dostupný z: https:// www.vyzivaspol.cz/zdrava-trinactka-strucna-vyzivova-doporuceni- pro-obyvatelstvo/ [cit. 2022-06-10].
23. Zhang X, Chen X, Xu Y, et al. Milk consumption and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in humans. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18: 7.
Labels
General practitioner for children and adolescents General practitioner for adultsArticle was published in
General Practitioner
2022 Issue 5
Most read in this issue
- Anatomy of the venous and nervous system of the lower limb
- Clean intermittent catheterization of the urinary bladder
- Eating preferences of university students in connection with their body composition
- Education of General Practicioners at Slovak Medical University in Bratislava