Hyperuricaemia, cardiovascular diseases and heart failure

Czech version

Authors: A. Dukát ¹; E. Goncalvesová ²
Authors‘ workplace: II. Interná klinika LF UK a UN Bratislava, Slovensko ¹; Oddelenie zlyhávania a transplantácie srdca, Národný ústav srdcových a cievnych chorôb a. s., Bratislava, Slovensko ²
Published in: Kardiol Rev Int Med 2016, 18(1): 43-46
Category: Cardiology Review

Overview

Hyperuricaemia is a common abnormal finding in patients with cardiovascular diseases and heart failure. The most common cause of hyperuricaemia is an increased activity of xanthine oxidase, the enzyme which degrades xanthine to hypoxanthine and uric acid, giving rise to the formation of a significant amount of free oxygen radicals. Associations of hyperuricaemia with systemic inflammation, decreased vasodilatory response of the vessels, pro-aggregation, endothelial dysfunction, hypertension and obesity have been demonstrated. In patients with heart failure, hyperuricaemia, particularly in concentrations exceeding 600 µmol/ l, is considered a signal of poor prognosis. Clinical studies have shown that uricostatics may be relevant for the prevention and control of hypertension in adolescents. In patients with heart failure, treatment of hyperuricaemia with allopurinol leads to decreased levels of uric acid and to the improvement of some parameters of endothelial or myocardial function. However, the effect of xanthine oxidase inhibition on mortality has not yet been demonstrated.

Keywords:
hyperuricaemia – hypertension – heart failure – allopurinol

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