The psychosocial needs of newborn children in the context of perinatal care

Česká verze

Authors: L. Takács
Authors place of work: Katedra psychologie FF UK, Praha, vedoucí katedry doc. PhDr. I. Gillernová, CSc.
Published in the journal: Ceska Gynekol 2012; 77(1): 15-21
Category: Původní práce

Summary

Objective:
To outline the variety of the psychosocial needs of newborn children to be taken into account in maternal-child nursing and to present recommendations for good practice.

Design:
Review article.

Setting:
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Charles University, Prague.

Subject and method:
This study is focused on psychological importance of birth experience for the newborn, early mother-child contact, initiation of breastfeeding as well as on the psychosocial needs of the preterm newborn and newborn children at health risk. Both conclusions of scientific literature and the results of our research demonstrate that respecting the psychosocial needs of the newborn in mother-child nursing is beneficial not only for psychological development of children, but also for their physical health in short-term as well as long-term perspective.

Conclusion:
Despite its rather high quality, the perinatal health care in the Czech republic still suffers from several shortcomings in the psychological field. More emphasis needs to be put on supporting the early mother-infant contact, individual needs of parturients and their infants and initiation of breastfeeding, especially as regards women after cesarean section delivery and mothers of preterm infants.

Key words:
child psychology, maternal-child nursing, quality of health care, health psychology, behavioral medicine.

Zdroje

1. Ahnert, L. Bindung und Bonding: Konzepte früher Bindungsentwicklung. In: Ahnert, L. (Ed.), Frühe Bindung – Entstehung und Entwicklung, München: Ernst Reinhardt Verlag, 2008, S. 63–81.

2. Ali, Z., Lowry, M. Early maternal-child contact: effects on later behaviour. Dev Med Child Neurol, 1981, 23, p. 337–345.

3. Altemus, M., Deuster, PA., Galliven, E., et al. Suppression of hypothalmic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to stress in lactating women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 1995, 80, p. 2954–2959.

4. Bender, H. Psychological aspects of prematurity and of neonatal intensive care: a working report. In: Fedor-Freybergh, PG., Vogel MLV. (Eds.), Prenatal and perinatal psychology and medicine. Encounter with the unborn, New Jersey: The Parthenon Publishing Group, 1988, p. 235–248.

5. Brazelton, TB., Cramer, BG. The earliest relationship: parents, infants, and the drama of early attachment. New York: Addison-Wesley Publishing, 1990.

6. Conde-Agudelo, A., Díaz-Rossello, JL., Belizan, JM. Kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low birthweight infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2011, 3.

7. Davenport, ML. Prenatal and perinatal psychology: implications for birth attendants. In: Fedor-Freybergh, PG., Vogel, MLV. (Eds.), Prenatal and perinatal psychology and medicine. Encounter with the unborn. New Jersey: The Parthenon Publishing Group, 1988, p. 381–390.

8. Dewey, KG. Maternal and fetal stress are associated with impaired lactogenesis. J Nutr, 2001, 131, p. 3012–3015.

9. Dewey, KG., Nommsen-Rivers, LA., Heinig, MJ., et al. Risk factors for suboptimal infant breastfeeding behavior, delayed onset of lactation, and excess neonatal weight loss. Pediatrics, 2003, 112(3), p. 607–619.

10. Earle, S. Factors affecting the initiation of breastfeeding: implications for breastfeeding promotion. Health Promot Int, 2002, 17(3), p. 205–214.

11. Egeland, B., Farber, EA. Infant-mother attachment: factors related to its development and changes over time. Child Dev, 1984, 55(3), p. 753–771.

12. Enkin, M., Keirse, MJNC., Renfrew, M., Nielson, J. Efektivní péče v perinatologii. Praha: Grada, 1998.

13. Feldman, R., Eidelman, AI., Sirota, L., Weller, A. Comparison of skin-to-skin (Kangaroo) and traditional care: parenting outcomes and preterm infant development. Pediatrics, 2002, 110(1), p. 16–26.

14. Fleming, AS., Ruble, DN., Flett, GL., Shaul, DL. Postpartum adjustment in first-time mothers: Relations between mood, maternal attitudes, and mother-infant interactions. Dev Psychol, 1988, 24(1), p. 71–78.

15. Golańska, Z., Borkowski, W. Early maternal-neonatal interactions and their impact on the development of maternal attitudes. In: Fedor-Freybergh, PG., Vogel, MLV. (Eds.), Prenatal and perinatal psychology and medicine. Encounter with the unborn. New Jersey: The Parthenon Publishing Group, 1988, p. 75–77.

16. Grof, S. Za hranice mozku. Narození, smrt, transcendence. Praha: Gemma89, 1993.

17. Hales, DJ., Lozoff, B., Sosa, R.,Kennell, JH. Defining the Limits of the Maternal Sensitive Period. Dev Med Child Neurol, 1977, 19, p. 454–461.

18. Harlow, HF. The nature of love. Am Psychol, 1958, 13, p. 673–685.

19. Heinrichs, M. Social support and oxytocin interact to suppress cortisol and subjective responses to psychosocial stress. Biol Psychiatry, 2003, 15, 54(12), p. 1389–1398.

20. Hinde, RA., Tinbergen, N. The comparative study of species--specific behavior. In: Roe, A., Simpson, GG. (Eds.), Behavior and evolution. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1958, p. 251–286.

21. Hwang, CP. Mother-infant interaction; effects of sex of infant on feeding behaviour. Early Hum Dev, 1978, 2(4), p. 341–349.

22. Chateau, P., Wiberg, B. Long-term effect on mother-infant behaviour of extra contact during the first hour post partum. I. First observations at 36 hours. Acta Paediatr, 1977, 66(2), p. 137–143.

23. Chien, L., Tai, C. Effect of delivery method and timing of breastfeeding initiation on breastfeeding outcomes in Taiwan. Birth, 2007, 34 (2), p. 123–130.

24. Christensson, K., Cabrera, T., Christensson, E., et al. Separation distress call in the human neonate in the absence of maternal body contact. Acta Paediatr, 1995, 84, p. 468–473.

25. Kennell, JH., Jerauld, R., Wolfe, H., et al. Maternal behavior one year after early and extended post-partum contact. Dev Med Child Neurol, 1974, 16, p. 172–179.

26. Klaus, MH., Kennell, JH. Maternal-infant bonding: the impact of early separation or loss on family development. Saint Louis: Mosby, 1976.

27. Klaus, MH., Kennell JH., Robertson SS., Sosa R. Effects of social support during parturition on maternal and infant morbidity. Br Med J, 1986, 293, p. 585–587.

28. Klaus, MH., Kennel, JH., Klaus, P. Mothering the mother. Reading: Addison Wesley Publishing, 2003.

29. Kuzela, A., Stifter, C., Worobey, J. Breastfeeding and mother-infant interactions. J Reproductive Psychol, 1990, 8, p. 185–194.

30. Langer, A., Campero, L., Garcia, C., Reynoso, S. Effects of psychosocial support during labour and childbirth on breastfeeding, medical interventions, and mothers’ wellbeing in a Mexican public hospital: a randomised clinical trial. Br J Obstet Gynaecol, 1998, 105(10), p. 1056–1063.

31. Langmeier, J., Krejčířová, D. Vývojová psychologie. Praha: Grada, 2006.

32. Lavelli, M., Poli, M. Early mother-infant interaction during breast- and bottle-feeding. Infant Behavior and Development, 1998, 21(4), p. 667–683.

33. Leboyer, F. Porod bez násilí. Praha: Stratos, 1995.

34. Leib, SA., Benfield, DG., Guidubaldi, J. Effects of early intervention and stimulation on the preterm infant. Pediatrics, 1980, 66(1), p. 83–90.

35. Leiderman, PH., Seashore, MJ. Mother-infant neonatal separation: some delayed consequences. In: Porter, R., O’Connor, M. (Eds.), Ciba Foundation Symposium 33 - Parent-Infant Interaction, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2008.

36. Leifer, AD., Leiderman, PH., Barnett, CR., Williams, JA. Effects of mother-infant separation on maternal attachment behavior. Child Dev, 1972, 43, p. 1203–1218.

37. Lorenz, K. Phylogenetische Anpassung und adaptive Modifikation des Verhaltens. Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie, 1961, 18, S. 139–187.

38. Lozoff, B., Brittenham, GM., Trause, MA., et al. The mother--newborn relationship: limits of adaptability. J Pediatr, 1977, 91(1), p. 1–12.

39. Mahmud, N., Masuzaki, H., Yasunaga, M., et al. Behavioral pattern of the newborn. Earliest timing for iniciating attachment behavior in the infants. Acta medica Nagasakiensia, 1991, 36(1–4), p. 94–97.

40. Mellier, D. Kontinuita nebo diskontinuita. In: Pouthas, V., Jouen, F. (Eds.). Psychologie novorozence. Chování nejmenšího dítěte a jeho poznávání. Praha: Grada, 2000.

41. Mittal, VA., Ellman, LM., Cannon, TD. Gene-environment interaction and covariation in schizophrenia: the role of obstetric complications. Schizophr Bull, 2008, 34(6), p. 1083–1094.

42. Morhason-Bello, IO., Babatunde, OA., Oladosu, AO. Social support during childbirth as a catalyst for early breastfeeding initiation for first-time Nigerian mothers. Intern Breastfeeding J, 2009, 4(16).

43. Mrlinová, Z., Šulcová, E. Některé faktory ohrožující vývoj novorozence v období porodu a v době pobytu na novorozeneckém oddělení. Čs Psychol, 1993, 37(1), s. 14–25.

44. Mydlilová, A., Šípek, A., Wiesnerová, J. Vliv některých faktorů na počet kojených dětí při propuštění z porodnice v letech 2000 až 2004 v ČR. Čes-slov Pediat, 2008, 63(4), s. 182–191.

45. Nissen, E., Lilja, G., Widström, AM., Uvnäs-Moberg, K. Elevation of oxytocin levels early post partum in women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 1995, 74(7), p. 530–533.

46. Nugent, JK., Blanchard, Y., Stewart, JE. Supporting parents of premature infants: an infant-focused, family-centered approach. In: Brodsky, D., Ouellette, MA. (Eds.). Primary care of the premature infant. Philadelphia: Saunders, 2008.

47. O’Connor, S., Vietze, PM., Sherrod, KB., et al. Reduced incidence of parenting inadequacy following rooming-in. Pediatrics, 1980, 66(2), p. 176–182.

48. Odent, M. Znovuzrozený porod. Praha: Argo, 2004.

49. Oliver, CM., Oliver, GM. Gentle Birth: its safety and its effect on neonatal behavior. JOGNN, 1978, 7, p. 35–40.

50. Orr, S., Miller, C., James, S., Babones, S. Unintended pregnancy and preterm birth. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol, 2000, 14, p. 309–313.

51. Papoušek, M., Papoušek, H. Excessive infant crying and intuitive parental care: buffering support and its failures in parent-infant interaction. Early Child Development and Care, 1990, 65, p. 117–126.

52. Pascoe, JM. Social support during labor and duration of labor: a community-based study. Public Health Nurs, 1993, 10, p. 97–99.

53. Patel, R., Liebling, R., Murphy, D. Effect of operative delivery in the second stage of labor on breastfeeding success. Birth, 2003, 30(4), p. 255–260.

54. Rank, O. Das Trauma der Geburt und seine Bedeutung für die Psychoanalyse, Wien: Int. Psychoanal.Verlag, 1924.

55. Righard, L. Effect of delivery room routines on success of first breast-feed. Lancet, 1990, 336(8723), p. 1105–1107.

56. Roller, CG. Getting to know you: mothers’ experiences of kangaroo care. JOGNN, 2005, 34, p. 210–217.

57. Rosso, IM., Tyrone, MA., Cannon, D., et al. Obstetric risk factors for early onset schizophrenia in a Finnish birth cohort. Am J Psychiatry, 2000, 157, p. 801–807.

58. Rowe-Murray, HJ., Fisher, JR. Baby friendly hospital practices: cesarean section is a persistent barrier to early initiation of breastfeeding. Birth, 2002, 29(2), p. 124–131.

59. Ruiz-Peláez, JG., Charpak, N., Cuervo, LG. Kangaroo Mother Care – an example to follow from developing countries. BMJ, 2004, 329, p. 1179.

60. Salk, L. The critical nature of the post-partum period in the human for the establishment of the mother-infant bond: a controlled study. Dis Nerv Syst, 1970, 31(11), p. 110–116.

61. Sosa, R., Kennell, JH., Klaus, MH, Urrutia, JJ. The effect of a supportive companion on perinatal problems, length of labor, and mother-infant interaction. N Engl J Med, 1980, 303(11), p. 597–600.

62. Sosa, R., Kennell, JH., Klaus, MH., Urrutia, JJ. The effect of early mother-infant contact on breast feeding, infection and growth. Ciba Found Symposium, 1976, 45, p. 179–193.

63. Šulová, L. Raný psychický vývoj dítěte. Praha: Karolinum, 2005.

64. Takács, L., Kodyšová, E. Psychosociální faktory ovlivňující spokojenost rodiček s perinatální péčí. Čes Gynek, 2011, 76(3), s. 199–204.

65. Takács, L., Kodyšová, E., Kejřová, K., Bartošová, M. Psychosociální klima porodnice a jeho vliv na emoční pohodu rodičky. Psychologie pro praxi, 2011, 3–4, s. 9–23.

66. Takács, L., Kodyšová, E., Kejřová, K., Bartošová, M. Zahájení kojení z hlediska psychosociálních faktorů perinatální péče. E-psychologie [online], 2011, 5 (4), 16–32 [cit. 7.8.2011]. Dostupný z WWW: <http://e-psycholog.eu/pdf/takacs-etal.pdf>.

67. Verny, T., Kelly, J. The secret life of the unborn child. New York: Dell, 1981.

68. Weiner, IB., Freedheim, DK., Lerner, RM., et al. Handbook of psychology: Developmental psychology. New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons, 2003.