Anaplastic Oligodendrogliomas – the Age of Personalized Medicine Has Arrived?

Czech version

Authors: J. Polívka ¹; J. Polívka Jr ^2,3; V. Rohan ¹; V. Přibáň ⁴
Authors‘ workplace: Neurologická klinika LF UK a FN Plzeň ¹; Ústav histologie a embryologie LF v Plzni ²; Biomedicínské centrum, LF v Plzni ³; Neurochirurgické oddělení, FN Plzeň ⁴
Published in: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2014; 77/110(4): 428-434
Category: Review Article

Podporováno projektem Ministerstva zdravotnictví České republiky pro konceptuální rozvoj výzkumné organizace 00669806 – Fakultní nemocnice Plzeň.

Podporováno projektem ED2.1.00/ 03.0076 Evropského fondu pro regionální rozvoj.

Overview

Oligodendrogliomas are uncommon but extensively investigated tumours in neurooncology. Their superior sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy compared to other gliomas has long been known. Chromosomal codeletion 1p/19q is frequent in this tumour type. A long-term follow up of two landmark phase III trials – RTOG 9402 and EORTC 26951 has shown a favourable effect of combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy - procarbazine, lomustine (CCNU), vincristine – in patients with anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and anaplastic oligoastrocytomas carrying the codeletion 1p/19q. This codeletion serves as an important diagnostic, positive prognostic and strong predictive biomarker. The role of the other molecular biomarkers (isocitrate dehydrogenase – IDH1, IDH2 mutations, methylation of the MGMT promoter, glioma cytosine - guanine islands methylator phenotype – G-CIMP) in oligodendroglial tumours is also discussed. All these data facilitate the new personalised approach to the management and treatment of anaplastic oligodendroglial tumours.

Key words:
anaplastic oligodendroglioma – chromosome deletion – biomarkers – personalized medicine

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